1
Exodus 5:1
英文原文
Pharaoh - This king, probably Tothmosis II, the great grandson of Aahmes Exodus 1:8, the original persecutor of the Israelites, must have been resident at this time in a city, probably Tanis Exodus 2:5, of Lower Egypt, situated on the Nile.
The Lord God - Yahweh God of Israel demanded the services of His people. The demand, according to the general views of the pagans, was just and natural; the Israelites could not offer the necessary sacrifices in the presence of Egyptians.
2
Exodus 5:2
「我不認識耶和華」（I know not the Lord）——法老或是未曾聽聞耶和華，或是不承認祂為神。
英文原文
I know not the Lord - Either Pharaoh had not heard of Yahweh, or he did not recognize Him as a God.
3
Exodus 5:3
「三天的路程」——見出三18的註釋。
「用瘟疫或用刀劍」——這表明瘟疫為古埃及人所熟知。提到刀劍也同樣自然，因為以色列人居住在東部地區，那裏常受鄰近的沙蘇人（Shasous）侵擾。
英文原文
Three days' journey - See the Exodus 3:18 note.
With pestilence, or with the sword - This shows that the plague was well known to the ancient Egyptians. The reference to the sword is equally natural, since the Israelites occupied the eastern district, which was frequently disturbed by the neighboring Shasous.
4
Exodus 5:4
「叫（百姓停工）」（Let）——即「阻攔」。
英文原文
Let - i. e. hinder.
6
Exodus 5:6
「他們的官長」（Their officers）——或作「書記」。即能以文字記賬的希伯來人，由埃及的監工指派，並就工作向他們負責（見出五14）。埃及碑刻上經常描繪下級官吏以書面方式向上級呈報。
英文原文
Their officers - Or scribes. Hebrews able to keep accounts in writing, appointed by the Egyptian superintendents, and responsible to them for the work; see Exodus 5:14. Subordinate officers are frequently represented on Egyptian monuments, giving in written accounts to their immediate superiors.
7
Exodus 5:7
埃及一些最古老的建築，是用未經窯燒、而在日光下曬乾的磚造的；這些磚以黏土，或更常見的是以泥，攙入切碎的短稭草製成。以色列人所從事的工程必然需要極大量的草，而這一要求無疑使他們的勞苦增加了一倍有餘。
英文原文
Some of the most ancient buildings in Egypt were constructed of bricks not burned, but dried in the sun; they were made of clay, or more commonly of mud, mixed with straw chopped into small pieces. An immense quantity of straw must have been wanted for the works on which the Israelites were engaged, and their labors must have been more than doubled by this requisition.
12
Exodus 5:12
「以碎秸代替草」（Stubble instead of straw）——更恰當地作「當作草」，即預備來代替草。這標示了時節，即初春，大麥或小麥收成之後、將近四月底之時。他們的痛苦必定深重：那個季節，帶瘟疫性的沙風在埃及吹拂約五十天，故得名——喀新辛（Chamsin）。（參 Ge 41:6 註。）
英文原文
Stubble instead of straw - Rather, for the straw: i. e. to be prepared as straw. This marks the season of the year, namely, early spring, after the barley or wheat harvest, toward the end of April. Their suffering must have been severe: at that season the pestilential sand-wind blows over Egypt some 50 days, hence, its name - Chamsin. (compare Genesis 41:6 note).
17
Exodus 5:17
你們是懶惰的——古埃及語中有大量鄙視懶惰的貶語。這指控既傷人又巧妙：埃及人深知節期及其他宗教儀式如何大大妨礙公私勞作，因此很容易相信這話。按埃及人的信仰，在最後審判中招致定罪的大罪之中，懶惰被兩次提及。
英文原文
Ye are idle - The old Egyptian language abounds in epithets which show contempt for idleness. The charge was equally offensive and ingenious; one which would be readily believed by Egyptians who knew how much public and private labors were impeded by festivals and other religious ceremonies. Among the great sins which, according to Egyptian belief, involved condemnation in the final judgment, idleness is twice mentioned.
23
Exodus 5:23
這番抗辯的懇切，甚至近乎不敬的語氣，都與別處對摩西天生急躁性情的記述十分吻合。見 Exodus 3:13。
英文原文
The earnestness of this remonstrance, and even its approach to irreverence, are quite in keeping with other notices of Moses' naturally impetuous character. See Exodus 3:13.
「法老」（Pharaoh）——這位君王大概是圖特摩斯二世（Tothmosis II），即起初迫害以色列人的亞模西士（Aahmes，出一8）的曾孫；此時他必是駐蹕於下埃及尼羅河畔的一座城，大概是坦尼斯（Tanis，出二5）。
「主神」（The Lord God）——以色列的神耶和華（Yahweh）要求祂百姓的事奉。按外邦人的一般觀念，這要求既合理又自然；以色列人無法在埃及人面前獻上所必需的祭。