1
Proverbs 29:1
英文原文
Shall be destroyed - literally, "shall be broken" Proverbs 6:15. Stress is laid on the suddenness in such a case of the long-delayed retribution.
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Proverbs 29:3
「浪費……」——按平行法的規律,我們預期會讀到「使父親煩惱」,但這被略過了,因為那是放蕩者毫不在意的事;他乃被提醒那直接臨到自己的事:他正走在滅亡的路上。
「王」——統治者作為一切公義的最高源頭、理想的審判者,與收受賄賂的人相對照。
英文原文
Spendeth ... - The laws of parallelism would lead us to expect "troubleth his father," but that is passed over as a thing about which the profligate would not care, and he is reminded of what comes home to him, that he is on the road to ruin.
The king - The ruler, as the supreme fountain of all justice, and as the ideal judge, is contrasted with the taker of bribers.
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Proverbs 29:6
惡人的過犯出於根深蒂固的惡習,成為他滅亡的網羅;義人即使冒犯,也蒙赦免,仍能因脫離定罪的自由而喜樂。有人把第二半句看作與第一半句完全對比,表達那良心無虧、無陷網羅之虞者的喜樂。
英文原文
While the offence of the wicked, rising out of a confirmed habit of evil, becomes snare for his destruction; the righteous, even if he offend, is forgiven and can still rejoice in his freedom from condemnation. The second clause is taken by some as entirely contrasted with the first; it expresses the joy of one whose conscience is void of offence, and who is in no danger of falling into the snare.
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Proverbs 29:8
褻慢人——指那些領導政治或宗教革命、煽動(按字面直譯如邊註所載,「點燃」)民心以對抗在位權勢的人。
英文原文
Scornful men - The men who head political or religious revolutions, who inflame (literally as in the margin) the minds of the people against the powers that be.
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Proverbs 29:9
一切的教導方式——無論是嚴厲的斥責,還是和顏悅色的言談——對「愚昧人」同樣無用;總是「沒有安息」,無休止的挑剔強辯仍舊持續。
英文原文
All modes of teaching - the stern rebuke or the smiling speech - are alike useless with the "foolish" man; there is "no rest." The ceaseless cavilling goes on still.
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Proverbs 29:10
尋求他的生命——意即「關懷、看顧他的生命」(可比較 Psalm 142:4)。
英文原文
Seek his soul - i. e., "Care for, watch over, his life" (compare Psalm 142:4).
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Proverbs 29:11
心——這個希伯來詞有時指「心」或「理性」,有時指「情感」或「怒氣」。這裏所稱許的緘默節制,可以兼含兩義;但「勒住」這動詞(在 Psalm 65:7 譯作「平靜了」)稍為支持兩義中的後者。
英文原文
Mind - The Hebrew word is used sometimes for "mind" or "reason," sometimes for "passion," or "wrath." The reticence commended would include both; but the verb "keepeth it in" (rendered "stilleth," in Psalm 65:7) is slightly in favor of the second of the two senses.
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Proverbs 29:12
他的臣僕都是惡人——他們知道什麼能討君王喜悅,就成為告密者和毀謗者。
英文原文
All his servants are wicked - They know what will please, and they become informers and backbiters.
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Proverbs 29:13
更宜譯作:「貧窮人與欺壓者」。旁註的「放債取利的人」,表達窮人受富人欺壓最甚的那種特定形式。神造了這兩者,也同樣將祂的光賜給這兩者。
英文原文
Better, The poor and the oppressor. "Usurer," as in the margin expresses the special form of oppression from which the poor suffer most at the hands of the rich. God has made them both and bestows His light equally on both.
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Proverbs 29:15
放任他——指被嬌縱溺愛之人的境況。軟弱順從的母親放縱孩子,就如同把他棄絕一般,同樣有忽略之罪;因這惡意的疏忽,羞辱與恥辱這公義的刑罰必臨到她。
英文原文
Left to himself - The condition of one who has been pampered and indulged. The mother who yields weakly is as guilty of abandoning the child she spoils, as if she cast him forth; and for her evil neglect, there shall fall upon her the righteous punishment of shame and ignominy.
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Proverbs 29:18
異象——此詞通常用來指神向眾先知啟示祂的旨意。比較以賽亞書 1:1;那鴻書 1:1。
當預言的異象止息時,順服律法便是它最好的、或唯一的替代,因為二者都是神聖智慧藉以顯明的形式。在滿是倫理訓誨的書卷中,竟承認還需要一種更高的教導——沒有它,道德便淪為屬世的精明,或蛻變為決疑論——這一點極為引人注目。大衛之子、「智慧人」在眾先知及其事工中,看見了國家真正蒙福的條件。以色列歷史上最黑暗的時期,正是「不常有默示」的時候(撒母耳記上 3:1);在那樣的時候,百姓便「滅亡」、被放縱鬆開、「被任憑妄為」。
英文原文
Vision - The word commonly used of the revelation of God's will made to prophets. Compare Isaiah 1:1; Nahum 1:1.
When prophetic vision fails, obedience to the Law is the best or only substitute for it, both being forms through which divine wisdom is revealed. Very striking in the midst of ethical precepts is this recognition of the need of a yet higher teaching, without which morality passes into worldly prudence or degenerates into casuistry. The "wise man," the son of David, has seen in the prophets and in their work the condition of true national blessedness. The darkest time in the history of Israel had been when there "was no open vision 1 Samuel 3:1; at such a time the people "perish," are let loose, "are left to run wild."
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Proverbs 29:19
僕人——即勉強順從的奴隸。他或許能「明白」這些話,這話卻產生不出良善的果效。順服的真正「回應」依然缺欠。
英文原文
Servant - i. e., A slave, whose obedience is reluctant. He may "understand" the words, but they produce no good effect. There is still lacking the true "answer" of obedience.
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Proverbs 29:21
兒子——這希伯來字只出現在這裡,因此意義難以確定。那自幼被寵愛嬌縱的奴僕,最終必要求作兒子的特權,甚至可能要求兒子的產業。
英文原文
Son - The Hebrew word occurs here only and is therefore of doubtful meaning. The favored slave, petted and pampered from boyhood, will claim at last the privilege, perhaps the inheritance, of sonship.
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Proverbs 29:23
尊榮必扶持心裡謙卑的人——更好譯作「心裡謙卑的人必得著尊榮」。
英文原文
Honour shall uphold the humble in spirit - Better: The lowly in spirit shall lay hold on honor.
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Proverbs 29:24
竊案一經發現,受害的一方(士師記 17:2)或城中的審判官(邊註引證)便對盜賊、以及一切明知罪犯卻不肯作證指證他的人,宣告莊嚴的咒詛。盜賊的同夥聽見那咒詛,卻仍緘默,於是便落在咒詛之下,「毀滅自己的靈魂」。
英文原文
On the first discovery of the theft, the person wronged Judges 17:2, or the judge of the city (marginal reference), pronounced a solemn curse on the thief and on all who, knowing the offender, were unwilling to give evidence against him. The accomplice of the thief hears that curse, and yet is silent, and so falls under it, and "destroys his own soul."
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Proverbs 29:25
懼怕人所能作的,使我們陷入混亂與悲苦;這與那人的安穩形成對比——他不僅「懼怕」主而避免得罪祂,更信靠祂作自己的保護者與引導者。
英文原文
The confusion and wretchedness in which the fear of what men can do entangles us, is contrasted with the security of one, who not only "fears" the Lord, so as to avoid offending Him, but trusts in Him as his protector and guide.
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Proverbs 29:26
信賴君王的恩寵,如同把房子蓋在沙土上。那將糾正一切冤屈的判斷,必從主而來。與其到處奔走、拉攏、行賄、諂媚,不如等候那判斷。
英文原文
To trust in the favor of princes is to build upon the sands. The judgment which will set right all wrong will come from the Lord. It is better to wait for that than to run here and there, canvassing, bribing, flattering.
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Proverbs 29:27
這些話不僅指出行善者與行惡者之間的對立,也指出一方對另一方所懷的本能性反感。
英文原文
The words point out not only the antagonism between the doers of good and evil, but the instinctive antipathy which the one feels toward the other.
「必頃刻敗壞」——直譯為「必被折斷」(箴言 6:15)。重點在於:在這種情形下,遲延已久的報應臨到得何等突然。