1
1Sa 2:1-11.
英文原文
1Sa 2:1-11.
HANNAH'S SONG IN THANKFULNESS TO GOD.
1. Hannah prayed, and said--Praise and prayer are inseparably conjoined in Scripture
(Col 4:2; 1Ti 2:1).
This beautiful song was her tribute of thanks for the divine goodness in answering her petition.
mine horn is exalted in the Lord--Allusion is here made to a peculiarity in the dress of Eastern women about Lebanon, which seems to have obtained anciently among the Israelite women, that of wearing a tin or silver horn on the forehead, on which their veil is suspended. Wives, who have no children, wear it projecting in an oblique direction, while those who become mothers forthwith raise it a few inches higher, inclining towards the perpendicular, and by this slight but observable change in their headdress, make known, wherever they go, the maternal character which they now bear.
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5. 素來飢餓的不再飢餓——即不再飢餓。
不生育的生了七個——即許多兒女。
英文原文
5. they that were hungry ceased--that is, to hunger.
the barren hath born seven--that is, many children.
6
無標題
6. 耶和華使人死，也使人活；使人下陰間，也使人往上升——即祂使人降至最低的卑賤與苦難，也使人恢復昌盛與幸福。
英文原文
6. he bringeth down to the grave, and bringeth up--that is, He reduces to the lowest state of degradation and misery, and restores to prosperity and happiness.
8
無標題
8. 祂從灰塵裡抬舉貧寒人，從糞堆中提拔窮乏人——糞堆是馬、牛或駱駝的糞便堆積在陽光下晒乾作燃料之用，是並一直是極貧窮乞丐常到之處；哈拿社會地位的改變，在她感恩的心看來，如同將一個貧窮被藐視的乞丐高舉到最崇高、最尊貴的地位一樣吉祥而偉大。
承受榮耀的寶座——即擁有尊榮的座位。
英文原文
8. He raiseth up the poor out of the dust, and lifteth up the beggar from the dunghill--The dunghill, a pile of horse, cow, or camel offal, heaped up to dry in the sun, and used as fuel, was, and is, one of the common haunts of the poorest mendicants; and the change that had been made in the social position of Hannah, appeared to her grateful heart as auspicious and as great as the elevation of a poor despised beggar to the highest and most dignified rank.
inherit the throne of glory--that is, possesses seats of honor.
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10. 耶和華必審判地極……將力量賜與所立的王——這是聖經中第一次出現「受膏者」或彌賽亞一詞的地方；由於當時以色列沒有王，最好的解釋是將其指向基督。哈拿的頌歌與馬利亞的頌歌之間確實有顯著的相似之處
(Lu 1:46)。
英文原文
10. the Lord shall judge the ends of the earth . . . exalt the horn of his anointed--This is the first place in Scripture where the word "anointed," or Messiah, occurs; and as there was no king in Israel at the time, it seems the best interpretation to refer it to Christ. There is, indeed, a remarkable resemblance between the song of Hannah and that of Mary
(Lu 1:46).
11
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11. 那孩子在祭司以利面前事奉耶和華——他必定從事著適合他幼齡的工作，如敲打銅鈸或其他樂器；點燈，或類似輕鬆而有趣的事奉。
英文原文
11. the child did minister unto the Lord before Eli the priest--He must have been engaged in some occupation suited to his tender age, as in playing upon the cymbals, or other instruments of music; in lighting the lamps, or similar easy and interesting services.
12
1Sa 2:12-17.
1Sa 2:12-17.
以利兒子的罪惡。
12. 以利的兩個兒子是惡人——不僅疏忽而不敬虔，更是行為放蕩、習慣邪惡而可恥的人。雖然在職務上從事聖潔的事奉，他們不僅對心中宗教的能力毫無認識，更是拋棄了宗教的約束，甚至走到魯莽而公開放蕩的極端——正如傑出傳道人之子在類似情形中有時所行的那樣。
英文原文
1Sa 2:12-17.
THE SIN OF ELl'S SONS.
12. Now the sons of Eli were sons of Belial--not only careless and irreligious, but men loose in their actions, and vicious and scandalous in their habits. Though professionally engaged in sacred duties, they were not only strangers to the power of religion in the heart, but they had thrown off its restraints, and even ran, as is sometimes done in similar cases by the sons of eminent ministers, to the opposite extreme of reckless and open profligacy.
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13-17. 這二祭司待百姓是這樣的規矩——當人們想要在祭壇上獻平安祭時，祭物首先被帶到祭司那裡，當耶和華的部分被焚燒之後，分別歸給祭司和獻祭者的部分要被煮。但以利的兒子們不滿足於胸和腿——這是神的律法所規定給他們的
(Ex 29:27; Le 7:31, 32)——
不僅要求獻祭者的一部分，更在舉祭或搖祭的聖潔儀式之前貪婪地奪取（見
Le 7:29
的註釋)；
而且他們還犯下了額外的不義——用叉子取走他們所偏好的部分，而這些部分還是生的。敬虔的人對這種在祭壇當得之物以及本應構成獻祭者家庭與社交筵席之份上的貪婪而褻瀆的侵佔感到反感。事實上，祭司們變得驕傲，在許多情形中不願接受這些筵席的邀請，於是有人將肉食送到他們那裡；這一開始雖是出於禮貌，但久而久之成了既定的權利，由此引起以利兒子們一切貪婪的苛求。
英文原文
13-17. the priests' custom with the people--When persons wished to present a sacrifice of peace offering on the altar, the offering was brought in the first instance to the priest, and as the Lord's part was burnt, the parts appropriated respectively to the priests and offerers were to be sodden. But Eli's sons, unsatisfied with the breast and shoulder, which were the perquisites appointed to them by the divine law
(Ex 29:27; Le 7:31, 32),
not only claimed part of the offerer's share, but rapaciously seized them previous to the sacred ceremony of heaving or waving (see on
Le 7:29);
and moreover they committed the additional injustice of taking up with their fork those portions which they preferred, while still raw. Pious people revolted at such rapacious and profane encroachments on the dues of the altar, as well as what should have gone to constitute the family and social feast of the offerer. The truth is, the priests having become haughty and unwilling in many instances to accept invitations to those feasts, presents of meat were sent to them; and this, though done in courtesy at first, being, in course of time, established into a right, gave rise to all the rapacious keenness of Eli's sons.
18
1Sa 2:18-26.
1Sa 2:18-26.
撒母耳的事奉。
18. 那時，撒母耳還是孩子，穿著細麻布的以弗得，侍立在耶和華面前——這段關於他在帳幕外院早期事奉的記載，是為了鋪墊關於大祭司家族那非凡的預言。
穿著細麻布的以弗得——一件小型的肩衣或圍裙，供次等祭司和利未人在聖潔事奉中使用；有時也由士師或傑出人物使用，因此也允許撒母耳使用——他雖然不是利未人，卻從出生就被獻給神。
英文原文
1Sa 2:18-26.
SAMUEL'S MINISTRY.
18. But Samuel ministered before the Lord, being a child--This notice of his early services in the outer courts of the tabernacle was made to pave the way for the remarkable prophecy regarding the high priest's family.
girded with a linen ephod--A small shoulder-garment or apron, used in the sacred service by the inferior priests and Levites; sometimes also by judges or eminent persons, and hence allowed to Samuel, who, though not a Levite, was devoted to God from his birth.
19
無標題
19. 他母親每年為他做一件小外袍，同著丈夫獻祭的時候帶來給他——知道他尚不能為帳幕作任何有用的服務，她便承擔起供應他衣物的費用。古代一切紡織品的織造、布料的製造和衣物的縫製都是婦女的工作。
英文原文
19. his mother made him a little coat, and brought it to him from year to year--Aware that he could not yet render any useful service to the tabernacle, she undertook the expense of supplying him with wearing apparel. All weaving stuffs, manufacture of cloth, and making of suits were anciently the employment of women.
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20. 以利為以利加拿和他的妻子祝福——這祝福如同他從前所宣告的一樣，有預言的功效；不久便在哈拿家庭的增添
(1Sa 2:21)
和撒母耳日益增長的聖所事奉資格上顯明出來。
英文原文
20. Eli blessed Elkanah and his wife--This blessing, like that which he had formerly pronounced, had a prophetic virtue; which, before long, appeared in the increase of Hannah's family
(1Sa 2:21),
and the growing qualifications of Samuel for the service of the sanctuary.
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無標題
22-24. 會幕門前聚集的婦人——這是一個嚴格苦修派的聖潔婦女組織，她們放棄了世俗的事務而奉獻給耶和華；這個組織一直延續到基督的時代
(Lu 2:37)。
以利總的來說是個好人，但在家庭的道德和宗教教育上有所欠缺。他犯的是父母放縱的錯誤；雖然他責備了他們（見
De 21:18
的註釋)，
卻因恐懼或怠惰而退縮，沒有對他們施加他們嚴重過犯所要求的約束或紀律。在他的司法職責上，他對他們公然的瀆職行為視而不見，任憑他們對憲法作出魯莽的侵佔，因而對百姓的權利和神的律法造成了最嚴重的傷害。
英文原文
22-24. the women that assembled at the door of the tabernacle--This was an institution of holy women of a strictly ascetic order, who had relinquished worldly cares and devoted themselves to the Lord; an institution which continued down to the time of Christ
(Lu 2:37).
Eli was, on the whole, a good man, but lacking in the moral and religious training of his family. He erred on the side of parental indulgence; and though he reprimanded them (see on
De 21:18),
yet, from fear or indolence, he shrank from laying on them the restraints, or subjecting them to the discipline, their gross delinquencies called for. In his judicial capacity, he winked at their flagrant acts of maladministration and suffered them to make reckless encroachments on the constitution, by which the most serious injuries were inflicted both on the rights of the people and the laws of God.
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25. 然而他們還是不聽父親的話，因為——應譯作因此。
耶和華想要殺他們——並非神的預定，而是他們自己頑梗不悔改的悖逆，才是他們滅亡的原因。
英文原文
25. they hearkened not unto the voice of their father, because--it should be therefore.
the Lord would slay them--It was not God's preordination, but their own wilful and impenitent disobedience which was the cause of their destruction.
27
1Sa 2:27-35.
1Sa 2:27-35.
論以利家的預言。
27. 有神人來見以利，說……你家中必永遠沒有一個老年人——在東方，老年歷來被高度重視，因此一個家族若少有或沒有老人，便會被視為極大的災禍，家族的聲望也會因此明顯下降。這位先知的預言在預言宣告之後，完全應驗於以利家所遭受的患難、降卑、貧困和諸多夭折之中（見
1Sa 4:11； 14:3; 22:18-23； 1Ki 2:27）。
英文原文
1Sa 2:27-35.
A PROPHECY AGAINST ELI'S HOUSE.
27. there came a man of God unto Eli, and said . . . that there shall not be an old man in thine house--So much importance has always, in the East, been attached to old age, that it would be felt to be a great calamity, and sensibly to lower the respectability of any family which could boast of few or no old men. The prediction of this prophet was fully confirmed by the afflictions, degradation, poverty, and many untimely deaths with which the house of Eli was visited after its announcement (see
1Sa 4:11; 14:3; 22:18-23; 1Ki 2:27).
31
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31. 我必折斷你的膀臂，和你父家的膀臂——大祭司的職位從亞倫長子（拿答和亞比戶被除滅之後最年長的）以利亞撒手中轉移（見
[Nu 3:4]），
此尊榮被賜予以他瑪家族——以利即屬此家族；如今他的後裔既已失去這份尊榮，職位便要從他們手中收回，歸還給長子家族。
英文原文
31. I will cut off thine arm, and the arm of thy father's house--By the withdrawal of the high priesthood from Eleazar, the elder of Aaron's two sons (after Nadab and Abihu were destroyed,
[Nu 3:4]),
that dignity had been conferred on the family of Ithamar, to which Eli belonged, and now that his descendants had forfeited the honor, it was to be taken from them and restored to the elder branch.
32
無標題
32. 你必看見我居所中有仇敵——一個成功的競爭者將從另一個家族興起，覬覦大祭司的職位（見
2Sa 15:35； 1Ch 24:3; 29:22）。
但旁注的譯法「你必看見會幕的患難」似乎是更可取的譯文。
英文原文
32. thou shalt see an enemy in my habitation--A successful rival for the office of high priest shall rise out of another family
(2Sa 15:35; 1Ch 24:3; 29:22).
But the marginal reading, "thou shalt see the affliction of the tabernacle," seems to be a preferable translation.
撒上2:1-11。
哈拿感恩之歌。
1. 哈拿禱告說——讚美和禱告在聖經中不可分割地相連
(Col 4:2； 1Ti 2:1)。
這首優美的歌是她為神垂允她祈求之恩的感恩奉獻。
我的心因耶和華快樂——此處暗指黎巴嫩一帶東方婦女服飾的一個特點，這特點似乎古時也存在於以色列婦女中，即在額上佩戴一個錫製或銀製的角，面紗就掛在上面。沒有兒女的妻子把它斜著戴，一旦作了母親就立即把角升高幾英寸，使之接近垂直；藉著頭飾這細微卻可察覺的改變，她們無論到哪裏都表明自己如今所有的母親身分。