1
2Ch 11:1-17.
英文原文
2Ch 11:1-17.
REHOBOAM, RAISING AN ARMY TO SUBDUE ISRAEL, IS FORBIDDEN BY SHEMAIAH.
1-4. Rehoboam . . . gathered of the house of Judah and Benjamin . . . to fight against Israel--(See
1Ki 12:21-24).
5
無標題
5-11. 在猶大修築堅固城——「猶大」顯然用作南國之名。羅波安如今既在以色列有一個死敵，便認為應當毫不遲延地加固其王國邊境上的數座城邑。耶羅波安那邊也採取同樣的防備
（1Ki 12:25）。 在所列十五座城中，亞雅崙（今 Yalo）與瑣拉（今 Surah）——位於耶路撒冷與雅比尼之間〔ROBINSON〕——屬便雅憫省。迦特雖是非利士城邑，卻曾臣屬所羅門。而以坦位於西緬邊境——西緬如今已併入以色列國——被設防以抵禦那一方的危險。羅波安將這些堡壘交給能幹的指揮官，儲備糧食與軍械，必要時足以抵抗圍攻。在他王國殘破的狀態下，他似乎害怕國家淪為強鄰的獵物。
英文原文
5-11. built cities for defence in Judah--This is evidently used as the name of the southern kingdom. Rehoboam, having now a bitter enemy in Israel, deemed it prudent to lose no time in fortifying several cities that lay along the frontier of his kingdom. Jeroboam, on his side, took a similar precaution
(1Ki 12:25).
Of the fifteen cities named, Aijalon, now Yalo, and Zorah, now Surah, between Jerusalem and Jabneh [ROBINSON], lay within the province of Benjamin. Gath, though a Philistine city, had been subject to Solomon. And Etham, which was on the border of Simeon, now incorporated with the kingdom of Israel, was fortified to repel danger from that quarter. These fortresses Rehoboam placed under able commanders and stocked them with provisions and military stores, sufficient, if necessary, to stand a siege. In the crippled state of his kingdom, he seems to have been afraid lest it might be made the prey of some powerful neighbors.
13
無標題
13-17. 祭司和利未人……從各方來歸從他——這是道德力量的增益，因真道的維持是任何國家最好的支持與保障；而它既是希伯來王國力量與繁榮的首要源頭，那麼大批善良敬虔之人在猶大境內尋求庇護，對鞏固羅波安的寶座大有貢獻。從以色列國大量移民的原因，是耶羅波安深沉而大膽的政策——他決意在其境內完全廢除猶太教的宗教制度，以破壞民族的合一。他害怕百姓若繼續按律法一年三次上耶路撒冷敬拜，各支派最終會重新合一。於是他以那城對許多臣民路途太遠為藉口，選定了兩處更方便的地點，在那裏以粗俗而被禁的象徵設立了新的敬拜方式
〔1Ki 12:26-33〕。 祭司和利未人拒絕參與拜偶像的儀式，被逐出其生計
〔2Ch 11:13, 14〕。 與他們同行的，還有一大批忠於上帝所立敬拜的百姓——他們因那些褻瀆的革新而憤慨震驚，離開了那國。
英文原文
13-17. the priests and the Levites . . . resorted to him out of all their coasts--This was an accession of moral power, for the maintenance of the true religion is the best support and safeguard of any nation; and as it was peculiarly the grand source of the strength and prosperity of the Hebrew monarchy, the great numbers of good and pious people who sought an asylum within the territories of Judah contributed greatly to consolidate the throne of Rehoboam. The cause of so extensive an emigration from the kingdom of Israel was the deep and daring policy of Jeroboam, who set himself to break the national unity by entirely abolishing, within his dominions, the religious institutions of Judaism. He dreaded an eventual reunion of the tribes if the people continued to repair thrice a year to worship in Jerusalem as they were obliged by law to do. Accordingly, on pretense that the distance of that city was too great for multitudes of his subjects, he fixed upon two more convenient places, where he established a new mode of worshipping God under gross and prohibited symbols
[1Ki 12:26-33].
The priests and Levites, refusing to take part in the idolatrous ceremonies, were ejected from their living
[2Ch 11:13, 14].
Along with them a large body of the people who faithfully adhered to the instituted worship of God, offended and shocked by the impious innovations, departed from the kingdom.
15
無標題
15. 他給邱壇立祭司——他所任命擔任祭司職的，是卑鄙無用之輩
（1Ki 12:31；13:33）； 凡牽一頭公牛、七隻公綿羊來的，都可受膏為祭司
（2Ch 13:9； Ex 29:37）。
為邱壇——那些受歡迎的宗教敬拜之處在全國各地受到鼓勵。
為鬼魔——這詞有時泛指偶像
（Le 17:7）。 但此處特指山羊神，主要在其王國北部、異教迦南人仍多的地方受敬拜。
為他所造的牛犢——即牛神亞皮斯與姆涅維斯的偶像，這是耶羅波安在埃及時所熟知的。（參
1Ki 12:26）。
英文原文
15. he ordained him priests--The persons he appointed to the priesthood were low and worthless creatures
(1Ki 12:31; 13:33);
any were consecrated who brought a bullock and seven rams
(2Ch 13:9; Ex 29:37).
for the high places--Those favorite places of religious worship were encouraged throughout the country.
for the devils--a term sometimes used for idols in general
(Le 17:7).
But here it is applied distinctively to the goat deities, which were probably worshipped chiefly in the northern parts of his kingdom, where the heathen Canaanites still abounded.
for the calves which he had made--figures of the ox gods Apis and Mnevis, with which Jeroboam's residence in Egypt had familiarized him. (See on
1Ki 12:26).
17
無標題
17. 他們堅固了猶大國——耶羅波安的革新措施並非一蹴而就。但隨著這些措施的展開，最優秀的臣民開始離去；遷離持續三年有增無已，降低了他本國的信仰水準，同時按比例地振奮了猶大國的屬靈生命、擴大了其影響。
英文原文
17. they strengthened the kingdom of Judah--The innovating measures of Jeroboam were not introduced all at once. But as they were developed, the secession of the most excellent of his subjects began, and continuing to increase for three years, lowered the tone of religion in his kingdom, while it proportionally quickened its life and extended its influence in that of Judah.
18
2Ch 11:18-23.
2Ch 11:18-23.
他的妻與兒女。
18. 羅波安娶瑪哈拉——她父母的名字都有記載。其父耶利摩必是大衛某位妃嬪所生的兒子
（1Ch 3:9）。 亞比孩當然是他的表親，二人婚前的關係如此。
英文原文
2Ch 11:18-23.
HIS WIVES AND CHILDREN.
18. Rehoboam took Mahalath--The names of her father and mother are given. Jerimoth, the father, must have been the son of one of David's concubines
(1Ch 3:9).
Abihail was, of course, his cousin, previous to their marriage.
20
無標題
20. 此後她又生了瑪迦……女兒——即押沙龍的外孫女
（2Sa 14:27）， 據約瑟夫所載，她母親是他瑪。（參
2Sa 18:18）。
英文原文
20. after her he took Maachah . . . daughter--that is, granddaughter
(2Sa 14:27)
of Absalom, Tamar being, according to JOSEPHUS, her mother. (Compare
2Sa 18:18).
21
無標題
21. 他娶了十八個妻，六十個妾——這個王室後宮雖比其父的小得多，卻同樣違背了律法——律法禁止王「為自己多立妃嬪」
〔De 17:17〕。
英文原文
21. he took eighteen wives, and threescore concubines--This royal harem, though far smaller than his father's, was equally in violation of the law, which forbade a king to "multiply wives unto himself"
[De 17:17].
22
無標題
22. 立亞比雅……為首……作眾弟兄的領袖——這偏愛似乎完全是出於王對其母親的溺愛，以及她對王的影響力。經文明確暗示亞比雅並非家中最長的。在沒有上帝明確授權——如所羅門之例——的情況下，立幼子為嗣君，羅波安此舉違背了律法
（De 21:15）。
英文原文
22. made Abijah . . . chief . . . ruler among his brethren--This preference seems to have been given to Abijah solely from the king's doting fondness for his mother and through her influence over him. It is plainly implied that Abijah was not the oldest of the family. In destining a younger son for the kingdom, without a divine warrant, as in Solomon's case, Rehoboam acted in violation of the law
(De 21:15).
23
無標題
23. 他辦事精明——即以深謀遠慮的計策
（Ex 1:10）。
將他眾子分散……到各堅固城——王的二十八個兒子被任命為各堡壘的長官，在我們這一帶世界必會引起嫉妒與不滿。但東方君主卻藉著將官職賜予其子孫來確保王國的安寧。他們得到獨立的供養，且彼此分隔，便不至在父親在世時結黨營私。羅波安如此行，其明智更加顯明——若他為兒子們所娶的妻子正是各兒子所在之城的女子，這些聯姻必使他們與各自的駐地更緊密相連。在現代東方國家，尤其是波斯和土耳其，幼王子直到不久前仍在父親在世時被禁閉在後宮中；為防止競爭，當其兄弟登基時，他們或被弄瞎、或被殺害。在前一國中，將王子分散到全國各地的古法——正如羅波安所行——近年又恢復實行。
英文原文
23. he dealt wisely--that is, with deep and calculating policy
(Ex 1:10).
and dispersed of all his children . . . unto every fenced city--The circumstance of twenty-eight sons of the king being made governors of fortresses would, in our quarter of the world, produce jealousy and dissatisfaction. But Eastern monarchs ensure peace and tranquillity to their kingdom by bestowing government offices on their sons and grandsons. They obtain an independent provision, and being kept apart, are not likely to cabal in their father's lifetime. Rehoboam acted thus, and his sagacity will appear still greater if the wives he desired for them belonged to the cities where each son was located. These connections would bind them more closely to their respective places. In the modern countries of the East, particularly Persia and Turkey, younger princes were, till very lately, shut up in the harem during their father's lifetime; and, to prevent competition, they were blinded or killed when their brother ascended the throne. In the former country the old practice of dispersing them through the country as Rehoboam did, has been again revived.
2Ch 11:1-17.
羅波安招聚軍隊要制伏以色列，卻受示瑪雅阻止。
1-4. 羅波安……招聚了猶大和便雅憫家的人……要與以色列爭戰——（參
1Ki 12:21-24）。