1
Le 25:1-7.
英文原文
Le 25:1-7.
SABBATH OF THE SEVENTH YEAR.
2
無標題
2-4. 你們到了我所賜給你們的那地——安息年從佔領迦南之後第幾年開始遵守，一直有人質疑。有人認為是他們進入之後的第七年。但另有人考慮到前六年花在征服和分地之上
(Jos 5:12)，
而安息年要在六年農作之後才遵守，故主張直到第十四年才開始遵守。
地向耶和華守安息——這是一項極特別的安排。不僅每第七年一切農作都要停止，耕作者對土地也沒有權利。地完全休耕，其自生的出產為窮人、外人、牲畜和野獸所共有。這休息之年要使地的生產力恢復活力，正如每週的安息日是人與牲畜的安息。它在收藏節之後立即開始，其設計乃要以顯著的方式教導百姓，神同在的實在以及他護理之權能。
英文原文
2-4. When ye come into the land which I give you--It has been questioned on what year, after the occupation of Canaan, the sabbatic year began to be observed. Some think it was the seventh year after their entrance. But others, considering that as the first six years were spent in the conquest and division of the land
(Jos 5:12),
and that the sabbatical year was to be observed after six years of agriculture, maintain that the observance did not commence till the fourteenth year.
the land keep a sabbath unto the Lord--This was a very peculiar arrangement. Not only all agricultural processes were to be intermitted every seventh year, but the cultivators had no right to the soil. It lay entirely fallow, and its spontaneous produce was the common property of the poor and the stranger, the cattle and game. This year of rest was to invigorate the productive powers of the land, as the weekly Sabbath was a refreshment to men and cattle. It commenced immediately after the feast of ingathering, and it was calculated to teach the people, in a remarkable manner, the reality of the presence and providential power of God.
8
Le 25:8-23.
Le 25:8-23.
禧年
8-11. 你要計算七個安息年——這一切民事制度中最不尋常的，被稱為「禧年」，此名來自希伯來文一個意為樂器、號角或羊角的字。它在第七個月的初十日、即贖罪大日開始，那時按照官府的命令，號角的聲音宣佈普世救贖的開始。一切囚犯和被擄者獲得自由，奴隸被宣告為自由人，欠債者獲豁免。地如同安息年一樣，既不播種也不收割，任其與居民同享安息的安息日；其天然的出產為全民所共有。此外，猶太全地一切的產業都歸還原主。
英文原文
Le 25:8-23.
THE JUBILEE.
8-11. thou shalt number seven sabbaths of years--This most extraordinary of all civil institutions, which received the name of "Jubilee" from a Hebrew word signifying a musical instrument, a horn or trumpet, began on the tenth day of the seventh month, or the great day of atonement, when, by order of the public authorities, the sound of trumpets proclaimed the beginning of the universal redemption. All prisoners and captives obtained their liberties, slaves were declared free, and debtors were absolved. The land, as on the sabbatic year, was neither sowed nor reaped, but allowed to enjoy with its inhabitants a sabbath of repose; and its natural produce was the common property of all. Moreover, every inheritance throughout the land of Judea was restored to its original owner.
10
無標題
10. 第五十年你們要當作聖年——關於禧年是在第四十九年、還是（取整數而言）稱為第五十年遵守，意見分歧很大。古今大多數的意見都贊成後者。
英文原文
10. ye shall hallow the fiftieth year--Much difference of opinion exists as to whether the jubilee was observed on the forty-ninth, or, in round numbers, it is called the fiftieth. The prevailing opinion, both in ancient and modern times, has been in favor of the latter.
12
無標題
12. 你們可以吃那地的出產等——在那段時期地裡自生的出產，都可作為他們必需的養生之用而食用，但任何人不可囤積或私自積存備用。
英文原文
12. ye shall eat the increase thereof out of the field, &c.--All that the ground yielded spontaneously during that period might be eaten for their necessary subsistence, but no persons were at liberty to hoard or form a private stock in reserve.
13
無標題
13. 各人要歸自己的產業等——產業無論因何原因、無論被轉讓多少次，都要歸回原主。這條限定繼承的律法——憑此合法的繼承人永不會被排除——是極有智慧的安排，為要使家族和支派保持完全的區別，並使他們的家譜忠實地記錄，好叫人人都有證據確立自己對祖產的權利。因此基督的支派和家族在他出生時很容易就被查出來。
英文原文
13. ye shall return every man unto his possession, &c.--Inheritances, from whatever cause, and how frequently soever they had been alienated, came back into the hands of the original proprietors. This law of entail, by which the right heir could never be excluded, was a provision of great wisdom for preserving families and tribes perfectly distinct, and their genealogies faithfully recorded, in order that all might have evidence to establish their right to the ancestral property. Hence the tribe and family of Christ were readily discovered at his birth.
17
無標題
17. 你們彼此不可虧負，只要敬畏你們的神——這與
Le 25:14
相同，論到產業的買賣，以及雙方在交易有效期間內當誠實公正地顧到的本分。立法者的目的是盡可能維持各家族原來的秩序、以及百姓之間的平等狀況。
英文原文
17. Ye shall not oppress one another, but thou shalt fear thy God--This, which is the same as
Le 25:14,
related to the sale or purchase of possessions and the duty of paying an honest and equitable regard, on both sides, to the limited period during which the bargain could stand. The object of the legislator was, as far as possible, to maintain the original order of families, and an equality of condition among the people.
21
無標題
21, 22. 第六年我必命定福降與你們，地便生三年的土產等——神以特別的介入作了供應，以補足因安息年間一切農作停止而本會造成的食物短缺。第六年要奇蹟般地出產足夠連續三年的收成。這話也同樣適用於禧年和安息年。（關於這非常供應的暗示，見
2Ki 19:29; Isa 37:30）。
除非一位明知自己是奉神聖權威行事的立法者，否則不會以安息年這樣獨特的條例來孤注一擲；除非一個曾親眼見證神應許應驗的百姓，否則也不會在禧年周期重臨時被促使停止農作的預備。
英文原文
21, 22. I will command my blessing upon you in the sixth year, and it shall bring forth fruit for three years, &c.--A provision was made, by the special interposition of God, to supply the deficiency of food which would otherwise have resulted from the suspension of all labor during the sabbatic year. The sixth year was to yield a miraculous supply for three continuous years. And the remark is applicable to the year of Jubilee as well as the sabbatic year. (See allusions to this extraordinary provision in
2Ki 19:29; Isa 37:30).
None but a legislator who was conscious of acting under divine authority would have staked his character on so singular an enactment as that of the sabbatic year; and none but a people who had witnessed the fulfilment of the divine promise would have been induced to suspend their agricultural preparations on a recurrence of a periodical Jubilee.
23
無標題
23-28. 地不可永賣——或作「不可完全斷絕」，如旁註更佳的譯法。地是神的，為推行一個重要的計劃，他將它賜給他所揀選的百姓，分給各支派和各家族——然而他們不過是按他的旨意暫時持有，無權也無力將它轉讓給外人。在困境之中，個人可以作暫時的變賣。但他們有權贖回——在任何時候，只要向現持有人支付足夠的補償；而按照禧年的條例，他們可以免費收回——因此地是不可轉讓的。（這條律法的例外見
Le 27:20）。
英文原文
23-28. The land shall not be sold for ever--or, "be quite cut off," as the Margin better renders it. The land was God's, and, in prosecution of an important design, He gave it to the people of His choice, dividing it among their tribes and families--who, however, held it of Him merely as tenants-at-will and had no right or power of disposing of it to strangers. In necessitous circumstances, individuals might effect a temporary sale. But they possessed the right of redeeming it, at any time, on payment of an adequate compensation to the present holder; and by the enactments of the Jubilee they recovered it free--so that the land was rendered inalienable. (See an exception to this law,
Le 27:20).
29
無標題
29-31. 人若賣城內的住宅，賣了以後，一整年之內可以有贖的權利——一切房屋的買賣都受同樣的條件。但鄉村的房屋（因與農業相連，被視為土地的一部分）與有城牆的城鎮中商人或外國人所有的房屋有所不同——後者只能在賣後一年之內贖回；若那時不贖，便不在禧年歸還原主。
英文原文
29-31. if a man sell a dwelling house in a walled city, then he may redeem it within a whole year after it is sold--All sales of houses were subject to the same condition. But there was a difference between the houses of villages (which, being connected with agriculture, were treated as parts of the land) and houses possessed by trading people or foreigners in walled towns, which could only be redeemed within the year after the sale; if not then redeemed, these did not revert to the former owner at the Jubilee.
32
無標題
32-34. 然而利未人的城邑等——利未人除了他們的城邑和房屋之外別無產業，律法便賜給他們與其他以色列人的土地相同的權利。利未城周圍一部分土地被劃歸他們，作為牧放牛羊之用
(Nu 35:4, 5)。
這是為供養事奉而設的永久基金，任何時候都不可轉讓。然而利未人之間可以彼此交換；祭司可以將他的房屋、園子和牧放權賣給另一位祭司，卻不可賣給別支派的以色列人
(Jer 41:7-9)。
英文原文
32-34. Notwithstanding the cities of the Levites, &c.--The Levites, having no possessions but their towns and their houses, the law conferred on them the same privileges that were granted to the lands of the other Israelites. A certain portion of the lands surrounding the Levitical cities was appropriated to them for the pasturage of their cattle and flocks
(Nu 35:4, 5).
This was a permanent endowment for the support of the ministry and could not be alienated for any time. The Levites, however, were at liberty to make exchanges among themselves; and a priest might sell his house, garden, and right of pasture to another priest, but not to an Israelite of another tribe
(Jer 41:7-9).
35
無標題
35-38. 你的弟兄在你那裡若漸漸貧窮……你要幫助他——這是為窮人和不幸者所作的極其仁慈的安排，旨在幫助他們或減輕其困境的痛苦。無論是本地以色列人還是僅僅寄居的，他較富裕的鄰舍都須給他食物、住宿和無息的金錢供應。取利被嚴嚴譴責
(Ps 15:5; Eze 18:8, 17)，
但這禁令不能被視為適用於現代商業中的人們以合法利率借貸的做法。
英文原文
35-38. if thy brother be waxen poor, . . . relieve him--This was a most benevolent provision for the poor and unfortunate, designed to aid them or alleviate the evils of their condition. Whether a native Israelite or a mere sojourner, his richer neighbor was required to give him food, lodging, and a supply of money without usury. Usury was severely condemned
(Ps 15:5; Eze 18:8, 17),
but the prohibition cannot be considered as applicable to the modern practice of men in business, borrowing and lending at legal rates of interest.
39
無標題
39-46. 你的弟兄若在你那裡漸漸貧窮，將自己賣給你，你不可叫他像奴僕一樣服事你——以色列人可能因不幸不僅被迫抵押產業，連自己也得賣身。在他落到這般困境時，他不可被當作奴隸對待，而要當作雇工——他的合約是暫時的，並可藉親屬的友好幫助，在禧年之前的任何時候贖回。贖金按極公正的原則決定。計算從提議贖回到禧年的年數，那期間的當時勞動工資，將所餘年數乘以那數額，所得之數便當付給主人作贖價。但若無人為希伯來奴隸作這樣友好的介入，他便繼續服役直到禧年，那時他當然恢復自由，連同他的產業。從本章所呈現的各方面來看，禧年是一項極好的制度，在維持以色列人的宗教、社會秩序和自由方面，發揮了卓越的作用。
英文原文
39-46. if thy brother . . . be waxen poor, and be sold unto thee, thou shalt not compel him to serve as a bond-servant--An Israelite might be compelled, through misfortune, not only to mortgage his inheritance, but himself. In the event of his being reduced to this distress, he was to be treated not as a slave, but a hired servant whose engagement was temporary, and who might, through the friendly aid of a relative, be redeemed at any time before the Jubilee. The ransom money was determined on a most equitable principle. Taking account of the number of years from the proposal to redeem and the Jubilee, of the current wages of labor for that time, and multiplying the remaining years by that sum, the amount was to be paid to the master for his redemption. But if no such friendly interposition was made for a Hebrew slave, he continued in servitude till the year of Jubilee, when, as a matter of course, he regained his liberty, as well as his inheritance. Viewed in the various aspects in which it is presented in this chapter, the Jubilee was an admirable institution, and subservient in an eminent degree to uphold the interests of religion, social order, and freedom among the Israelites.
Le 25:1-7.
第七年之安息