Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible · Luke 第20章

註釋閱讀最佳化

分章註釋

Luke 第 20 章

1

Lu 20:1-19.

開啟正文

路 20:1-19.

耶穌的權柄受質問,以及祂的回答——惡園戶的比喻。

(參

太 21:23 註釋。)

英文原文

Lu 20:1-19.

THE AUTHORITY OF JESUS QUESTIONED, AND HIS REPLY--PARABLE OF THE WICKED HUSBANDMEN.

(See on

Mt 21:23.)

2

無標題

開啟正文

2. 這些事——特別指潔淨聖殿一事。

英文原文

2. these things--particularly the clearing of the temple.

4

無標題

開啟正文

4. 約翰的洗禮——指他全部的傳道與使命,而洗禮是其印記。

英文原文

4. baptism of John--his whole ministry and mission, of which baptism was the seal.

5

無標題

開啟正文

5. 你們為甚麼不信他呢?——即不信他對耶穌所作的見證,那正是他全部見證的要旨。

英文原文

5. Why then believed ye him not?--that is, in his testimony to Jesus, the sum of his whole witness.

7

無標題

開啟正文

7. 不知道——狡猾、諂媚的假冒為善者!耶穌不回答你們,並不奇怪

(Mt 7:6)。

但當主把他們的問題轉向他們自己時,他所表現的威嚴與鎮定何等可觀!

英文原文

7. could not tell--crooked, cringing hypocrites! No wonder Jesus gave you no answer

(Mt 7:6).

But what dignity and composure does our Lord display as He turns their question upon themselves!

9

無標題

開啟正文

9-13. 葡萄園——(見

Lu 13:6

的註釋。)

在

Mt 21:33

另有若干細節,逐字取自

Isa 5:2,

用以確定所指並以舊約權威支持。

園戶——百姓一般的屬靈領袖,在他們的照料與栽培之下,本可結出義的果子。

去等——在整個猶太制度的全程中,將其留給屬靈耕作的法則。(見

Mr 4:26

的註釋。)

英文原文

9-13. vineyard--(See on

Lu 13:6).

In

Mt 21:33

additional points are given, taken literally from

Isa 5:2,

to fix down the application and sustain it by Old Testament authority.

husbandmen--the ordinary spiritual guides of the people, under whose care and culture the fruits of righteousness might be yielded.

went, &c.--leaving it to the laws of the spiritual husbandry during the whole length of the Jewish economy. (See on

Mr 4:26.)

10

無標題

開啟正文

10. 打等——

(Mt 21:35);

即指先知,那些不時被興起的特別使者。(見

Mt 23:37

的註釋。)

英文原文

10. beat, &c.--

(Mt 21:35);

that is, the prophets, extraordinary messengers raised up from time to time. (See on

Mt 23:37.)

13

無標題

開啟正文

13. 我的愛子——馬可

(Mr 12:6)

更動人地作:「他還有一位,是他的愛子」;我們的主如此把自己與一切僅屬人的使者分開,並在最高的意義上自稱兒子之身分。(比較

Heb 3:3-6。)

或者——「必然」;暗示不如此行之幾乎無法想象的罪。

英文原文

13. my beloved son--Mark

(Mr 12:6)

still more affectingly, "Having yet therefore one son, his well-beloved"; our Lord thus severing Himself from all merely human messengers, and claiming Sonship in its loftiest sense. (Compare

Heb 3:3-6.)

it may be--"surely"; implying the almost unimaginable guilt of not doing so.

14

無標題

開啟正文

14. 彼此商議——(比較

Ge 37:18-20;

Joh 11:47-53)。

承受產業的——崇高地表達了一項偉大真理:神的產業註定要歸於、並在時候滿足時歸於他取了我們人性的兒子

(Heb 1:2)。

產業……我們的——這樣我們可以從僕人變成主人;這是墮落之心的深處目的,也正是字面意義上的「萬惡之根」。

英文原文

14. reasoned among themselves--(Compare

Ge 37:18-20; Joh 11:47-53).

the heir--sublime expression of the great truth, that God's inheritance was destined for, and in due time to come into the possession of, His Son in our nature

(Heb 1:2).

inheritance . . . ours--and so from mere servants we may become lords; the deep aim of the depraved heart, and literally "the root of all evil."

15

無標題

開啟正文

15. 推出葡萄園外——(比較

Heb 13:11-13;

1Ki 21:13;

Joh 19:17)。

英文原文

15. cast him out of the vineyard--(Compare

Heb 13:11-13; 1Ki 21:13; Joh 19:17).

16

無標題

開啟正文

16. 他要來等——這回答是法利賽人自己作的

(Mt 21:41),

如此他們便判了自己公義的定罪。惟有馬太

(Mt 21:43)

記下了赤裸裸的應用:「神的國必從你們奪去,賜給那能結果子的百姓」——即以信者為主所構成的廣大福音社群,以外族人為主。

斷乎不可——如今全部意思向他們爆發開來。

英文原文

16. He shall come, &c.--This answer was given by the Pharisees themselves

(Mt 21:41),

thus pronouncing their own righteous doom. Matthew alone

(Mt 21:43)

gives the naked application, that "the kingdom of God should be taken from them, and given to a nation bringing forth the fruits thereof"--the great evangelical community of the faithful, chiefly Gentiles.

God forbid--His whole meaning now bursting upon them.

17

無標題

開啟正文

17-19. 記著——(見

Ps 118:22, 23。

參見

Lu 19:38

的註釋)。

此處神的國是一座聖殿,在其建造過程中,一塊石頭被屬靈的建造者視為不合用而棄絕,卻被這家的大主宰立為整體的房角石。建造者如今正「跌在」那石頭上並「跌碎」

(Isa 8:15)

——「遭受極大的屬靈損傷;但不久那石頭要砸在他們身上,把他們砸得粉碎」

(Da 2:34, 35; Zec 12:3)

——就其整體身分而言,是在耶路撒冷可怕的毀滅之中;就其作為不信者的個人身分而言,則是在更可畏的意義上。

英文原文

17-19. written--(in

Ps 118:22, 23.

See on

Lu 19:38).

The Kingdom of God is here a Temple, in the erection of which a certain stone, rejected as unsuitable by the spiritual builders, is, by the great Lord of the House, made the keystone of the whole. On that Stone the builders were now "falling" and being "broken"

(Isa 8:15),

"sustaining great spiritual hurt; but soon that Stone should fall upon them and grind them to powder"

(Da 2:34, 35; Zec 12:3)

--in their corporate capacity in the tremendous destruction of Jerusalem, but personally, as unbelievers, in a more awful sense still.

19

無標題

開啟正文

19. 當下——他們幾乎無法抑制自己的怒氣。

英文原文

19. the same hour--hardly able to restrain their rage.

20

Lu 20:20-40.

開啟正文

Lu 20:20-40.

關於納稅與復活的糾纏盤問——以及回答。

20-26. 打發人——在商議最好之策之後

(Mt 22:15)

所打發的。

奸細——即「法利賽人和希律黨的人」

(Mr 12:13)。

見

Mr 3:6。

英文原文

Lu 20:20-40.

ENTANGLING QUESTIONS ABOUT TRIBUTE AND THE RESURRECTION--THE REPLIES.

20-26. sent forth--after consulting

(Mt 22:15)

on the best plan.

spies--"of the Pharisees and Herodians"

(Mr 12:13).

See

Mr 3:6.

21

無標題

開啟正文

21. 我們曉得等——意圖以奉承使祂放鬆警戒。

英文原文

21. we know, &c.--hoping by flattery to throw Him off His guard.

22

無標題

開啟正文

22. 納稅——(參見

Mt 17:24

的註釋)。

英文原文

22. tribute--(See on

Mt 17:24).

25

無標題

開啟正文

25. 該撒的物——以這一般性的形式陳述,連煽動本身也無法反駁,同時又解開了陷阱。

神的物歸給神——這深奧卻令他們震驚的、對格言的補充之中蘊含何等多——而整句在豐富、簡潔、清晰、分量上何等無可比擬!

英文原文

25. things which be Cæsar's--Putting it in this general form, it was impossible for sedition itself to dispute it, and yet it dissolved the snare.

and unto God--How much there is in this profound but to them startling addition to the maxim, and how incomparable is the whole for fulness, brevity, clearness, weight!

27

無標題

開啟正文

27-34. 沒有復活——即「也不信天使,也不信靈」

(Ac 23:8);

是當時的唯物主義者。

英文原文

27-34. no resurrection--"nor angel nor spirit"

(Ac 23:8);

the materialists of the day.

34

無標題

開啟正文

34. 對他們說——在

Mt 22:29

中,回答以這項重要的宣告開始:「你們錯了;因為你們不曉得聖經」(關於將來的狀態),「也不曉得神的大能」(在其面前,這類難題千個也消散)(另見

Mr 12:24)。

英文原文

34. said unto them--In

Mt 22:29,

the reply begins with this important statement:--"Ye do err, not knowing the Scriptures," regarding the future state, "nor the power of God," before which a thousand such difficulties vanish (also

Mr 12:24).

36

無標題

開啟正文

36. 不……再死——婚姻是為延續人類家庭而設立的制度;但將來的狀態中既沒有因死亡造成的缺口,這制度就要終止。

同等——或作「相似」。

和天使一樣——即在他們本性的不朽上一樣。

神的兒女——不是論品格,而是論本性;因為是「復活的兒女」,進入不朽壞的存在

(Ro 8:21, 23)。

因此也是他們父親不朽之子

(1Ti 6:16)。

英文原文

36. neither . . . die any more--Marriage is ordained to perpetuate the human family; but as there will be no breaches by death in the future state, this ordinance will cease.

equal--or "like."

unto the angels--that is, in the immortality of their nature.

children of God--not in respect of character but nature; "being the children of the resurrection" to an undecaying existence

(Ro 8:21, 23).

And thus the children of their Father's immortality

(1Ti 6:16).

37

無標題

開啟正文

37, 38. 就是摩西——他們方才所引用來陷害祂的那位摩西。

英文原文

37, 38. even Moses--whom they had just quoted to entangle Him.

38

無標題

開啟正文

38. 不是…死人的…因為在神那裡等——在神看來,沒有一個人是死的,也永遠不會死;所有人都與祂維持著持續而有意識的關係。但此處所說的「所有人」是指「那些算為配得那世界的人」。這些人與神維持著恩典之聖約的關係,這關係不能被廢除。從這個意義上,我們的主斷言:倘若摩西在那時刻稱呼主為那些並不存在的族長僕人的「神」,這對祂便是不相稱的。祂「若不為他們預備一座城,便羞於被稱為他們的神」

(Heb 11:16)。

對復活狀態的這些一瞥是何等寶貴!

英文原文

38. not . . . of the dead, . . . for all, &c.--To God, no human being is dead, or ever will be; but all sustain an abiding conscious relation to Him. But the "all" here meant "those who shall be accounted worthy to obtain that world." These sustain a gracious covenant relation to God, which cannot be dissolved. In this sense our Lord affirms that for Moses to call the Lord the "God" of His patriarchal servants if at that moment they had no existence, would be unworthy of Him. He "would be ashamed to be called their God, if He had not prepared for them a city"

(Heb 11:16).

How precious are these glimpses of the resurrection state!

39

無標題

開啟正文

39. 文士…說得好——他們為祂勝過撒都該人而高興。

不敢——雙方都不敢,因為雙方在那時都徹底被駁倒了。

英文原文

39. scribes . . . well said--enjoying His victory over the Sadducees.

they durst not--neither party, both for the time utterly foiled.

41

Lu 20:41-47.

開啟正文

Lu 20:41-47.

基督以一條關於大衛與彌賽亞的問題使法利賽人無言以對,並責備文士。

41. 說等——「論到基督〔那應許並被期待的彌賽亞〕,你們的意見如何?祂是誰的子孫呢?〔將來當作誰的子孫?〕他們對祂說:大衛的子孫。耶穌對他們說:這樣,大衛被聖靈感動〔藉著聖靈,

Mr 12:36],

怎麼還稱祂為主呢?」

(Mt 22:42, 43).

這個難題只能藉著我們主那較高與較低——即神聖與人性的兩種本性才能解決

(Mt 1:23)。

請注意此處對舊約默示所作的見證(比較

Lu 24:44)。

英文原文

Lu 20:41-47.

CHRIST BAFFLES THE PHARISEES BY A QUESTION ABOUT DAVID AND MESSIAH, AND DENOUNCES THE SCRIBES.

41. said, &c.--"What think ye of Christ [the promised and expected Messiah]? Whose son is He [to be]? They say unto Him, The son of David. He saith unto them, How then doth David in spirit [by the Holy Ghost,

Mr 12:36]

call Him Lord?"

(Mt 22:42, 43).

The difficulty can only be solved by the higher and lower--the divine and human natures of our Lord

(Mt 1:23).

Mark the testimony here given to the inspiration of the Old Testament (compare

Lu 24:44).

46

無標題

開啟正文

46, 47. 你們要防備等——(見

Mt 23:5;

及

Lu 14:7

的註釋。)

英文原文

46, 47. Beware, &c.--(See on

Mt 23:5;

and

Lu 14:7).

47

無標題

開啟正文

47. 侵吞等——利用他們無助的境況與信任的性情,侵佔他們的財產,卻又以「長篇的禱告」使他們相信自己是遠超「不義之財」的人。所以「更重的刑罰」必臨到他們。對羅馬教的聖職人員——那些「文士」真正的繼承者——是何等栩栩如生的描繪!

英文原文

47. devour, &c.--taking advantage of their helpless condition and confiding character, to obtain possession of their property, while by their "long prayers" they made them believe they were raised far above "filthy lucre." So much "the greater damnation" awaits them. What a lifelike description of the Romish clergy, the true successors of "the scribes!"