Comentário do capítulo
Psalms Capítulo 51
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Ps 51:1-19.
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2. Wash me--Purity as well as pardon is desired by true penitents.
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3. For . . . before me--Conviction precedes forgiveness; and, as a gift of God, is a plea for it
(2Sa 12:13; Ps 32:5; 1Jo 1:9).
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4. Against thee--chiefly, and as sins against others are violations of God's law, in one sense only.
that . . . judgest--that is, all palliation of his crime is excluded; it is the design in making this confession to recognize God's justice, however severe the sentence.
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5, 6. His guilt was aggravated by his essential, native sinfulness, which is as contrary to God's requisitions of inward purity as are outward sins to those for right conduct.
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6. thou shalt make, &c.--may be taken to express God's gracious purpose in view of His strict requisition; a purpose of which David might have availed himself as a check to his native love for sin, and, in not doing so, aggravated his guilt.
truth . . . and . . .wisdom--are terms often used for piety (compare
Job 28:28; Ps 119:30).
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7-12. A series of prayers for forgiveness and purifying.
Purge . . . hyssop--The use of this plant in the ritual
(Ex 12:22; Nu 19:6, 18)
suggests the idea of atonement as prominent here; "purge" refers to vicarious satisfaction
(Nu 19:17-20).
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8. Make . . . joy--by forgiving me, which will change distress to joy.
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9. Hide, &c.--Turn from beholding.
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10. Create--a work of almighty power.
in me--literally, "to me," or, "for me"; bestow as a gift, a heart free from taint of sin
(Ps 24:4; 73:1).
renew--implies that he had possessed it; the essential principle of a new nature had not been lost, but its influence interrupted
(Lu 22:32);
for
Ps 51:11
shows that he had not lost God's presence and Spirit
(1Sa 16:13),
though he had lost the "joy of his salvation"
(Ps 51:12),
for whose return he prays.
right spirit--literally, "constant," "firm," not yielding to temptation.
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12. free spirit--"thy" ought not to be supplied, for the word "free" is, literally, "willing," and "spirit" is that of David. "Let a willing spirit uphold me," that is, with a soul willingly conformed to God's law, he would be preserved in a right course of conduct.
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13. Then--Such will be the effect of this gracious work.
ways--of providence and human duty
(Ps 18:21, 30; 32:8; Lu 22:32).
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14. Deliver--or, "Free me"
(Ps 39:8)
from the guilt of murder
(2Sa 12:9, 10; Ps 5:6).
righteousness--as in
Ps 7:17; 31:1.
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15. open . . . lips--by removing my sense of guilt.
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16. Praise is better than sacrifice
(Ps 50:14),
and implying faith, penitence, and love, glorifies God. In true penitents the joys of pardon mingle with sorrow for sin.
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18. Do good, &c.--Visit not my sin on Thy Church.
build . . . walls--is to show favor; compare
Ps 89:40,
for opposite form and idea.
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19. God reconciled, material sacrifices will be acceptable
(Ps 4:5;
compare
Isa 1:11-17).
Ps 51:1-19.
On the occasion, compare
2Sa 11:12.
The Psalm illustrates true repentance, in which are comprised conviction, confession, sorrow, prayer for mercy, and purposes of amendment, and it is accompanied by a lively faith.
1-4. A plea for mercy is a confession of guilt.
blot out--as from a register.
transgressions--literally, "rebellions"
(Ps 19:13; 32:1).