1
Ps 51:1-19.
英文原文
Ps 51:1-19.
On the occasion, compare
2Sa 11:12.
The Psalm illustrates true repentance, in which are comprised conviction, confession, sorrow, prayer for mercy, and purposes of amendment, and it is accompanied by a lively faith.
1-4. A plea for mercy is a confession of guilt.
blot out--as from a register.
transgressions--literally, "rebellions"
(Ps 19:13; 32:1).
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2. 洗净我（Wash me）——真正的悔改者所求的不仅是赦免，也是洁净。
英文原文
2. Wash me--Purity as well as pardon is desired by true penitents.
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3. 因为……在我面前——定罪先于赦免；作为神的恩赐，它是求赦的依据
（2Sa 12:13; Ps 32:5; 1Jo 1:9）。
英文原文
3. For . . . before me--Conviction precedes forgiveness; and, as a gift of God, is a plea for it
(2Sa 12:13; Ps 32:5; 1Jo 1:9).
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4. 得罪你——主要是，又因得罪他人就是违反神的律法，从某种意义说是唯独得罪你。
你……判断的——即他的罪一切减轻之情都排除；作这认罪的目的在承认神的公义，无论判决多么严厉。
英文原文
4. Against thee--chiefly, and as sins against others are violations of God's law, in one sense only.
that . . . judgest--that is, all palliation of his crime is excluded; it is the design in making this confession to recognize God's justice, however severe the sentence.
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5, 6. 他的罪因他本质的、本性的罪恶性而加剧；这与神对内里纯洁的要求正如外在罪行与他正道行为的要求相对立一样相反。
英文原文
5, 6. His guilt was aggravated by his essential, native sinfulness, which is as contrary to God's requisitions of inward purity as are outward sins to those for right conduct.
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6. 你必使等——可取为表达神在他严格的要求之下的恩惠目的；大卫本可利用这目的来约束他本性的犯罪倾向，他没有如此行，便加重了他的罪。
真理……和……智慧——是常用于敬虔的词
（比较
Job 28:28; Ps 119:30）。
英文原文
6. thou shalt make, &c.--may be taken to express God's gracious purpose in view of His strict requisition; a purpose of which David might have availed himself as a check to his native love for sin, and, in not doing so, aggravated his guilt.
truth . . . and . . .wisdom--are terms often used for piety (compare
Job 28:28; Ps 119:30).
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7-12. 一连串求赦免与洁净的祷告。
牛膝草洁净我——此植物在礼仪中之使用
(Ex 12:22; Nu 19:6, 18)
暗示此处赎罪的观念为显著；「洁净」指代赎的满足
(Nu 19:17-20)。
英文原文
7-12. A series of prayers for forgiveness and purifying.
Purge . . . hyssop--The use of this plant in the ritual
(Ex 12:22; Nu 19:6, 18)
suggests the idea of atonement as prominent here; "purge" refers to vicarious satisfaction
(Nu 19:17-20).
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8. 求……喜乐——借赦免我，使困苦变为喜乐。
英文原文
8. Make . . . joy--by forgiving me, which will change distress to joy.
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9. 求你掩面等——转脸不顾。
英文原文
9. Hide, &c.--Turn from beholding.
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10. 造——全能之工。
在我里面——按字面作「给我」，或「为我」；作为礼物赐下，一颗没有罪污的心
(Ps 24:4; 73:1)。
重新——暗示他曾拥有过；新性情的根本原则并未失去，只是其影响被中断了
(Lu 22:32)； 因为
Ps 51:11
表明他并未失去神的同在和圣灵
(1Sa 16:13)， 只是失去了「他救恩之乐」
(Ps 51:12)， 所以他求其恢复。
正的灵——按字面作「恒常」、「坚定」，不向试探屈服。
英文原文
10. Create--a work of almighty power.
in me--literally, "to me," or, "for me"; bestow as a gift, a heart free from taint of sin
(Ps 24:4; 73:1).
renew--implies that he had possessed it; the essential principle of a new nature had not been lost, but its influence interrupted
(Lu 22:32);
for
Ps 51:11
shows that he had not lost God's presence and Spirit
(1Sa 16:13),
though he had lost the "joy of his salvation"
(Ps 51:12),
for whose return he prays.
right spirit--literally, "constant," "firm," not yielding to temptation.
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12. 自由的灵——不应补上「你的」，因「自由」一词按字面作「情愿」，而「灵」是大卫的。「求你以情愿的灵扶持我」，即以一颗情愿顺服神律法的灵魂，他必在正路上得蒙保守。
英文原文
12. free spirit--"thy" ought not to be supplied, for the word "free" is, literally, "willing," and "spirit" is that of David. "Let a willing spirit uphold me," that is, with a soul willingly conformed to God's law, he would be preserved in a right course of conduct.
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13. 那时——这便是此恩典之工的效。
道——护理与人之本分之道
(Ps 18:21, 30; 32:8; Lu 22:32)。
英文原文
13. Then--Such will be the effect of this gracious work.
ways--of providence and human duty
(Ps 18:21, 30; 32:8; Lu 22:32).
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14. 拯救——或作「释放我」
(Ps 39:8)， 脱离谋杀的罪
(2Sa 12:9, 10; Ps 5:6)。
公义——如
Ps 7:17; 31:1。
英文原文
14. Deliver--or, "Free me"
(Ps 39:8)
from the guilt of murder
(2Sa 12:9, 10; Ps 5:6).
righteousness--as in
Ps 7:17; 31:1.
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15. 开……嘴唇——借除掉我的罪疚感。
英文原文
15. open . . . lips--by removing my sense of guilt.
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16. 赞美胜于祭物
(Ps 50:14)， 并含着信、悔改、爱，荣耀神。在真诚悔改的人，赦免之乐与为罪忧伤相混。
英文原文
16. Praise is better than sacrifice
(Ps 50:14),
and implying faith, penitence, and love, glorifies God. In true penitents the joys of pardon mingle with sorrow for sin.
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18. 求你按你的美意等——求你不要把我的罪归到你的教会。
建造……城墙——即示恩；比较
Ps 89:40
相反的形式和意思。
英文原文
18. Do good, &c.--Visit not my sin on Thy Church.
build . . . walls--is to show favor; compare
Ps 89:40,
for opposite form and idea.
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19. 神既和好，物质的祭物才蒙悦纳
(Ps 4:5； 比较
Isa 1:11-17)。
英文原文
19. God reconciled, material sacrifices will be acceptable
(Ps 4:5;
compare
Isa 1:11-17).
Ps 51:1-19.
关于背景，参
2Sa 11:12。
本篇阐明了真实的悔改，其中包括知罪、认罪、忧伤、求怜悯以及改正的决心，并伴随着活泼的信心。
1-4. 求怜悯的祈求即认罪。
涂抹——如从记录上涂抹。
过犯——原文作"悖逆"（
Ps 19:13; 32:1）。