1
1Sa 30:1-5.
英文原文
1Sa 30:1-5.
THE AMALEKITES SPOIL ZIKLAG.
1. Amalekites had invaded the south, and Ziklag, and smitten Ziklag--While the strength of the Philistine forces was poured out of their country into the plain of Esdraelon, the Amalekite marauders seized the opportunity of the defenseless state of Philistia to invade the southern territory. Of course, David's town suffered from the ravages of these nomad plunderers, in revenge for his recent raid upon their territory.
2
无标题
2节. 无论大小都不杀一个，都带着走了. 他们的行为与大卫的行为
(1Sa 27:11) 相比，似乎是更有利的对照。但他们表面的宽厚并非出于人道的考量。这可追溯到东方古代的战争惯例：攻占城邑时，战士一律无情处死，但当时洗革拉没有战士。妇女和男孩留作奴仆，老人因年长受敬而得免。
英文原文
2. they slew not any, either great or small, but carried them away--Their conduct seems to stand in favorable contrast to that of David
(1Sa 27:11).
But their apparent clemency did not arise from humane considerations. It is traceable to the ancient war usages of the East, where the men of war, on the capture of a city, were unsparingly put to death, but there were no warriors in Ziklag at the time. The women and boys were reserved for slaves, and the old people were spared out of respect to age.
3
无标题
3节. 大卫和跟随他的人到了那城，不料，城已烧毁. 这措辞暗示大火的烟仍可见，劫掠是不久前发生的。
英文原文
3. David and his men came to the city, and, behold, it was burned with fire--The language implies that the smoke of the conflagration was still visible, and the sacking very recent.
6
1Sa 30:6-15.
撒上 30:6-15.
但大卫因神激励，追击他们。
6节. 大卫甚是焦急. 他有理由焦急，不仅因个人的事
(1Sa 30:5)， 更因他留下这地如此无备，以致他部下的家属毫无抵抗地成了敌人的掠物，而引来对他激烈的怨言和叛乱式的威胁。在他被指责为间接原因的如此意外而广泛之灾的压力下，任何受平常动机引导的领袖都会心灰意冷；
大卫却倚靠耶和华他的神，心里坚固. 他的信心供给他内心安慰和力量的资源；借着他适时以乌陵所作的求问，他下令立即追击劫掠者，以此激发了众人的信心。
英文原文
1Sa 30:6-15.
BUT DAVID, ENCOURAGED BY GOD, PURSUES THEM.
6. David was greatly distressed--He had reason, not only on his own personal account
(1Sa 30:5),
but on account of the vehement outcry and insurrectionary threats against him for having left the place so defenseless that the families of his men fell an unresisting prey to the enemy. Under the pressure of so unexpected and widespread a calamity, of which he was upbraided as the indirect occasion, the spirit of any other leader guided by ordinary motives would have sunk;
but David encouraged himself in the LORD his God--His faith supplied him with inward resources of comfort and energy, and through the seasonable inquiries he made by Urim, he inspired confidence by ordering an immediate pursuit of the plunderers.
9
无标题
9节. 到了比梭溪. 今为 Wady Gaza，是迦萨稍南的一条冬季急流。溪岸自然为因疲惫而不能继续追击的兵士提供了方便的歇息之处。
英文原文
9. came to the brook Besor--now Wady Gaza, a winter torrent, a little to the south of Gaza. The bank of a stream naturally offered a convenient rest to the soldiers, who, through fatigue, were unable to continue the pursuit.
11
无标题
11-15节. 他们在田野遇见一个埃及人，带到大卫那里. 年老的和本家生的奴仆通常受厚待。但买来或掳来的奴仆须自求多福；因为他若衰弱或患病，主人宁可丢弃他也不会加重自己的担子。这埃及人似乎最近落入一位亚玛力人之手；他的主人既属于袭击洗革拉的那队劫匪，他便能就他们回去时所走之路提供有用的情报。
英文原文
11-15. they found an Egyptian in the field, and brought him to David--Old and homeborn slaves are usually treated with great kindness. But a purchased or captured slave must look to himself; for, if feeble or sick, his master will leave him to perish rather than encumber himself with any additional burden. This Egyptian seems to have recently fallen into the hands of an Amalekite, and his master having belonged to the marauding party that had made the attack on Ziklag, he could give useful information as to the course taken by them on their return.
14
无标题
14节. 革哩底人. 即非利士人
(Eze 25:16; Zep 2:5)。
英文原文
14. the Cherethites--that is, the Philistines
(Eze 25:16; Zep 2:5).
15
无标题
15节. 你指着神向我起誓. 这些拜偶像的部族中是否仍存留对独一神的模糊信仰，或这位埃及人想用希伯来人所敬拜的神来约束大卫，誓言的庄严担保在双方都被承认。
英文原文
15. Swear unto me by God--Whether there was still among these idolatrous tribes a lingering belief in one God, or this Egyptian wished to bind David by the God whom the Hebrews worshipped, the solemn sanction of an oath was mutually recognized.
16
1Sa 30:16-31.
撒上 30:16-31.
他夺回两个妻子和一切掠物。
16节. 他们散布在全地. 他们以为大卫和他一切战士都远在非利士远征中，便自以为万无一失，纵情于各种野蛮的狂欢。大卫敬虔求问
(1Sa 30:8) 所得的回答之应许实现了。劫掠者猝不及防，惊慌失措。随之而来的是大屠杀——从洗革拉被掳去的人和财物都夺回来了，此外还有他们在广阔的劫掠远征中所收集的大量战利品。
英文原文
1Sa 30:16-31.
AND RECOVERS HIS TWO WIVES AND ALL THE SPOIL.
16. they were spread abroad upon all the earth--Believing that David and all his men of war were far away, engaged with the Philistine expedition, they deemed themselves perfectly secure and abandoned themselves to all manner of barbaric revelry. The promise made in answer to the devout inquiries of David
(1Sa 30:8)
was fulfilled. The marauders were surprised and panic-stricken. A great slaughter ensued--the people as well as the booty taken from Ziklag was recovered, besides a great amount of spoil which they had collected in a wide, freebooting excursion.
21
无标题
21节. 大卫到了那二百人那里，他们疲乏不能跟随. 这出乎意料的掠物增加，因某些跟随者的自私贪婪，几乎引起争端；若非领袖审慎地加以防止，后果可能严重。大卫制定为常例——一条公平的法则——所有士兵都当同得一份
(见 Nu 31:11； 并见 Nu 31:25 注释)。
英文原文
21. David came to the two hundred men, which were so faint that they could not follow--This unexpected accession of spoil was nearly proving an occasion of quarrel through the selfish cupidity of some of his followers, and serious consequences might have ensued had they not been prevented by the prudence of the leader, who enacted it as a standing ordinance--the equitable rule--that all the soldiers should share alike (see
Nu 31:11;
see on
Nu 31:25).
26
无标题
26节. 大卫到了洗革拉，从掠物中送给犹大的长老. 这是要向他多次流亡中供给过他需要的犹大诸城邑乡村的首领表示答谢。这是出于一颗和蔼感恩之心的吩咐；这适时的慷慨之效果，是为他的营中带来大量的人力
(1Ch 12:22)。 这些地方的列举，表明他在本支派内能指望多少、多具影响力的拥护者
[1Sa 30:27-31]。
英文原文
26. when David came to Ziklag, he sent of the spoil to the elders of Judah--This was intended as an acknowledgment to the leading men in those towns and villages of Judah which had ministered to his necessities in the course of his various wanderings. It was the dictate of an amiable and grateful heart; and the effect of this well-timed liberality was to bring a large accession of numbers to his camp
(1Ch 12:22).
The enumeration of these places shows what a numerous and influential party of adherents to his cause he could count within his own tribe
[1Sa 30:27-31].
撒上 30:1-5.
亚玛力人劫掠洗革拉。
1节. 亚玛力人侵夺南地，攻破洗革拉. 当非利士军的主力倾巢而出，进入以斯德伦平原时，亚玛力的劫掠者趁非利士无备之机入侵南方领土。当然，大卫的城也遭受了这些游牧掠夺者的蹂躏，作为对他近期袭击其领土的报复。