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Isa 16:1-14.
英文原文
Isa 16:1-14.
CONTINUATION OF THE PROPHECY AS TO MOAB.
1. lamb--advice of the prophet to the Moabites who had fled southwards to Idumea, to send to the king of Judah the tribute of lambs, which they had formerly paid to Israel, but which they had given up
(2Ki 3:4, 5).
David probably imposed this tribute before the severance of Judah and Israel
(2Sa 8:2).
Therefore Moab is recommended to gain the favor and protection of Judah, by paying it to the Jewish king. Type of the need of submitting to Messiah
(Ps 2:10-12; Ro 12:1).
from Sela to--rather, "from Petra through (literally, 'towards') the wilderness" [MAURER]. "Sela" means "a rock," Petra in Greek; the capital of Idumea and Arabia-Petræa; the dwellings are mostly hewn out of the rock. The country around was a vast common ("wilderness") or open pasturage, to which the Moabites had fled on the invasion from the west
(Isa 15:7).
ruler of the land--namely, of Idumea, that is, the king of Judah; Amaziah had become master of Idumea and Sela
(2Ki 14:7).
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2. 被赶出窝外——更准确地说，应作"如被赶出的雏鸟"（与"漂泊的鸟"，更准确地说漂泊的鸟群，同位），即刚长羽翼便被赶出孵化之巢的雏鸟[HORSLEY]。比较
赛 10:14； 申 32:11。
摩押的女子——即摩押的居民。如
王下 19:21； 诗 48:11； 耶 46:11； 哀 4:22
[MAURER]。
渡口——试图渡过摩押的边界河，以便逃离此地。EWALD 与 MAURER 将"渡口"视为"亚嫩河的居民"的诗意表达，对应于意义相同的平行句"摩押的女子"。
英文原文
2. cast out of . . . nest--rather, "as a brood cast out" (in apposition with "a wandering bird," or rather, wandering birds), namely, a brood just fledged and expelled from the nest in which they were hatched [HORSLEY]. Compare
Isa 10:14; De 32:11.
daughters of Moab--that is, the inhabitants of Moab. So
2Ki 19:21; Ps 48:11; Jer 46:11; La 4:22
[MAURER].
at the fords--trying to cross the boundary river of Moab, in order to escape out of the land. EWALD and MAURER make "fords" a poetical expression for "the dwellers on Arnon," answering to the parallel clause of the same sense, "daughters of Moab."
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3-5. GESENIUS、MAURER等人认为这几节是逃亡的摩押人对犹太人所发出的求庇护之呼吁；他们将
赛 16:4
译作"求你让我摩押的被逐之人与你同住，犹大啊"；这庇护将遭犹太人拒绝，因摩押的骄傲
（赛 16:6）。
VITRINGA则认为这是除纳贡之外，给摩押的另一项劝勉：当收留那些逃到摩押境内的犹太被逐者
（赛 16:3, 4）；
如此，无论何人坐在大卫的"宝座"上，必以"怜悯"回报你
（赛 16:5）。
以赛亚预知摩押必过于骄傲，不肯纳贡，也不肯借收容犹太被逐者来讨好犹大
（赛 16:6）；
因此审判必将临到。然而，摩押在前文既被描述为本身已是处于以东的被逐者，若再要求它去庇护犹太被逐者，便显得不协调。因此，此段更像是预言摩押将来荒凉的景况——当它的百姓求犹太人收留时，却因骄傲而被拒绝。
如夜午间的……荫庇——以浓荫遮挡正午烈日的比喻
（赛 4:6；
25:4；
32:2）。
泄漏……逃亡者——不可将逃亡者出卖给追赶他的人。
英文原文
3-5. GESENIUS, MAURER, &c., regard these verses as an address of the fugitive Moabites to the Jews for protection; they translate
Isa 16:4,
"Let mine outcasts of Moab dwell with thee, Judah"; the protection will be refused by the Jews, for the pride of Moab
(Isa 16:6).
VITRINGA makes it an additional advice to Moab, besides paying tribute. Give shelter to the Jewish outcasts who take refuge in thy land
(Isa 16:3, 4);
so "mercy" will be shown thee in turn by whatever king sits on the "throne" of "David"
(Isa 16:5).
Isaiah foresees that Moab will be too proud to pay the tribute, or conciliate Judah by sheltering its outcasts
(Isa 16:6);
therefore judgment shall be executed. However, as Moab just before is represented as itself an outcast in Idumea, it seems incongruous that it should be called on to shelter Jewish outcasts. So that it seems rather to foretell the ruined state of Moab when its people should beg the Jews for shelter, but be refused for their pride.
make . . . shadow as . . . night . . . in . . . noonday--emblem of a thick shelter from the glaring noonday heat
(Isa 4:6; 25:4; 32:2).
bewray . . . wandereth--Betray not the fugitive to his pursuer.
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4. 更确切为"让摩押的被逐者与你同住"（犹大）[HORSLEY]。
勒索人云云——大概指亚述的欺压者。
已经结束——等到摩押向犹大求庇护时，犹大必已有能力提供，因为亚述的欺压者必已"从这地灭绝"。
英文原文
4. Rather, "Let the outcasts of Moab dwell with thee" (Judah) [HORSLEY].
for the extortioner, &c.--The Assyrian oppressor probably.
is at an end--By the time that Moab begs Judah for shelter, Judah shall be in a condition to afford it, for the Assyrian oppressor shall have been "consumed out of the land."
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5. 若犹大庇护求庇的摩押人，容他留在以东，福分必归到犹大本身及其"宝座"。
诚实……审判……公义——这话语出于神的默示，适用于"末后的日子"弥赛亚为王之时，那时"主必使摩押被掳的人归回"
（诗 72:2； 96:13； 98:9； 耶 48:47； 罗 11:12）。
速速——"在执行上敏捷"。
英文原文
5. If Judah shelters the suppliant Moab, allowing him to remain in Idumea, a blessing will redound to Judah itself and its "throne."
truth . . . judgment . . . righteousness--language so divinely framed as to apply to "the latter days" under King Messiah, when "the Lord shall bring again the captivity of Moab"
(Ps 72:2; 96:13; 98:9; Jer 48:47; Ro 11:12).
hasting--"prompt in executing."
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6. 我们——指犹太人。我们因摩押的骄傲而拒绝其恳求。
谎言——即虚假的夸口。
不成——更确切为"不义"，将归于徒然
（赛 25:10； 耶 48:29, 30； 番 2:8）。
"必不如此；他的谎言不能如此奏效。"
英文原文
6. We--Jews. We reject Moab's supplication for his pride.
lies--false boasts.
not be so--rather, "not right"; shall prove vain
(Isa 25:10; Jer 48:29, 30; Zep 2:8).
"It shall not be so; his lies shall not so effect it."
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7. 因此——指望犹太人收容庇护的一切希望都已断绝。
根基——即"废墟"；因为房屋拆毁时，只剩"根基"存留
（赛 58:12）。
杰里迈亚在平行经文处
（耶 48:31），
将其译作"人"，因人是城邑道德上的根基或支柱。
基珥哈列设——字面意为"砖造的堡垒"。
必定被打伤——更当与"哀哭"连用："你们必完全哀伤痛击"[MAURER与HORSLEY]。
英文原文
7. Therefore--all hope of being allowed shelter by the Jews being cut off.
foundations--that is, "ruins"; because, when houses are pulled down, the "foundations" alone are left
(Isa 58:12).
Jeremiah, in the parallel place
(Jer 48:31),
renders it "men," who are the moral foundations or stay of a city.
Kirhareseth--literally, "a citadel of brick."
surely they are stricken--rather, joined with "mourn"; "Ye shall mourn utterly stricken" [MAURER and HORSLEY].
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8. 田地——葡萄园之地
（申 32:32）。
西比玛的葡萄树——在希实本附近：即衰残了。
列国的君主——入侵摩押的外邦君王，亚述人等，毁坏他的葡萄树。杰里迈亚在平行经文处亦然
（耶 48:32, 33）。
MAURER认为下文的话更当译为"它（西比玛的葡萄树）的嫩枝（所出的美酒）以醇厚的风味与劲力征服了列国的君王"
（创 49:11, 12, 22）。
到了……雅谢——它们（葡萄藤蔓）甚至延伸到雅谢，距希实本十五英里。
蔓延——它们在环绕摩押的大亚拉伯旷野中野性蔓延。
海——即死海；或指雅谢附近如今干涸的某湖；
耶 48:32
称之为"雅谢的海"；但参
耶 48:32
（诗 80:8-11）。
英文原文
8. fields--vine-fields
(De 32:32).
vine of Sibmah--near Heshbon: namely, languishes.
lords of . . . heathen--The heathen princes, the Assyrians, &c., who invaded Moab, destroyed his vines. So Jeremiah in the parallel place
(Jer 48:32, 33).
MAURER thinks the following words require rather the rendering, "Its (the vine of Sibmah) shoots (the wines got from them) overpowered (by its generous flavor and potency) the lords of the nations"
(Ge 49:11, 12, 22).
come . . . Jazer--They (the vine shoots) reached even to Jazer, fifteen miles from Heshbon.
wandered--They overran in wild luxuriance the wilderness of Arabia, encompassing Moab.
the sea--the Dead Sea; or else some lake near Jazer now dry; in
Jer 48:32
called "the sea of Jazer"; but see on
Jer 48:32
(Ps 80:8-11).
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9. 我——虽属于另一国，却要为其荒凉哀哭（见
赛 15:5
注解）。
以……雅谢的哭泣——如雅泽哭泣一样。
欢呼……落下——应译为「在你的夏令果子和繁茂的葡萄树上，呼喊（战争的呐喊，而非通常收葡萄时的欢呼）落下了」
（赛 16:10； 耶 25:30; 51:14）。
平行经文
（耶 48:32）
中的话实质上表达相同的意思。「毁坏者落在你的夏令果子上。」
英文原文
9. I--will bewail for its desolation, though I belong to another nation (see on
Isa 15:5).
with . . . weeping of Jazer--as Jazer weeps.
shouting for . . . fallen--rather, "Upon thy summer fruits and upon thy luxuriant vines the shouting (the battle shout, instead of the joyous shout of the grape-gatherers, usual at the vintage) is fallen"
(Isa 16:10; Jer 25:30; 51:14).
In the parallel passage
(Jer 48:32)
the words substantially express the same sense. "The spoiler is fallen upon thy summer fruits."
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10. 欢乐——如收获丰盛庄稼时所感的。因荒凉必没有收成或葡萄采收；因此没有「欢乐」。
英文原文
10. gladness--such as is felt in gathering a rich harvest. There shall be no harvest or vintage owing to the desolation; therefore no "gladness."
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11. 肠——在圣经中是深切怜悯的所在。指内在情感之处，心等
（赛 63:15；
比较
赛 15:5； 耶 48:36）。
琴……发声——如它的弦被拨子弹奏时振动。
英文原文
11. bowels--in Scripture the seat of yearning compassion. It means the inward seat of emotion, the heart, &c.
(Isa 63:15;
compare
Isa 15:5; Jer 48:36).
sound . . . harp--as its strings vibrate when beaten with the plectrum or hand.
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12. 看见——应译为「当摩押显现（在他的神明面前；比较
出 23:15），
当他疲乏（即当他因守繁重礼仪而力竭； 王上 18:26等等），在高处（比较
赛 15:2），
并来到他的圣所（尼波山上的偶像基抹的）祈求时，他必不能成事」；他的祷告无一事功效[MAURER]。
英文原文
12. when it is seen that--rather, "When Moab shall have appeared (before his gods; compare
Ex 23:15),
when he is weary (that is, when he shall have fatigued himself with observing burdensome rites;
1Ki 18:26,
&c.), on the high place (compare
Isa 15:2),
and shall come to his sanctuary (of the idol Chemosh on Mount Nebo) to pray, he shall not prevail"; he shall effect nothing by his prayers [MAURER].
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13. 自从那时——应译为「关于那时」[HORSLEY]。 BARNES 译为「从前」，与「但如今」
（赛 16:14）
相对：从前关于摩押的预言
（出 15:15； 民 21:29）
已赐下，以赛亚已给出其要点：但如今也定了一个确定而稳固的时候。
英文原文
13. since that time--rather, "respecting that time" [HORSLEY]. BARNES translates it, "formerly" in contrast to "but now"
(Isa 16:14):
heretofore former prophecies
(Ex 15:15; Nu 21:29)
have been given as to Moab, of which Isaiah has given the substance: but now a definite and steady time also is fixed.
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14. 三年……雇工——如同雇工有固定的雇期，他或其主人都不许加减，照样摩押覆亡的期限不可改变
（赛 21:16）。
约在亚述人将以色列入掳时应验。以利亚来、希实本、米底巴、底本等的废墟至今仍存，证实圣经的默示。三千年前对地点的精确具体指明，经现代研究所证实，是预言真理的有力见证。
英文原文
14. three years . . . hireling--Just as a hireling has his fixed term of engagement, which neither he nor his master will allow to be added to or to be taken from, so the limit within which Moab is to fall is unalterably fixed
(Isa 21:16).
Fulfilled about the time when the Assyrians led Israel into captivity. The ruins of Elealeh, Heshbon, Medeba, Dibon, &c., still exist to confirm the inspiration of Scripture. The accurate particularity of specification of the places three thousand years ago, confirmed by modern research, is a strong testimony to the truth of prophecy.
赛 16:1-14。
论摩押预言的延续。
1. 羊羔——先知向南逃至以土买的摩押人建议，将他们从前向以色列所纳、如今已停止
（王下 3:4, 5）
的羊羔贡物，献给犹大王。大概在大卫在犹大与以色列分裂之前，便已定下这贡物
（撒下 8:2）。
因此先知建议摩押藉向犹太王纳贡来博得犹大的恩宠与保护。这是需要顺服弥赛亚的 prefiguration
（诗 2:10-12； 罗 12:1）。
从西拉……——更准确地说，应为"从彼特拉经（字面作'朝向'）旷野"[MAURER]。"西拉"意为"磐石"，希腊文作 Petra；是以土买和阿拉伯彼特拉的京城；其民居多在磐石中凿出。周围之地是一片广大的公地（"旷野"）或开放牧场，摩押人在西面入侵时逃至此处
（赛 15:7）。
地的掌权者——即以土买的，亦即犹大王；亚玛谢曾征服以土买和西拉
（王下 14:7）。