1
Isa 16:1-14.
英文原文
Isa 16:1-14.
CONTINUATION OF THE PROPHECY AS TO MOAB.
1. lamb--advice of the prophet to the Moabites who had fled southwards to Idumea, to send to the king of Judah the tribute of lambs, which they had formerly paid to Israel, but which they had given up
(2Ki 3:4, 5).
David probably imposed this tribute before the severance of Judah and Israel
(2Sa 8:2).
Therefore Moab is recommended to gain the favor and protection of Judah, by paying it to the Jewish king. Type of the need of submitting to Messiah
(Ps 2:10-12; Ro 12:1).
from Sela to--rather, "from Petra through (literally, 'towards') the wilderness" [MAURER]. "Sela" means "a rock," Petra in Greek; the capital of Idumea and Arabia-Petræa; the dwellings are mostly hewn out of the rock. The country around was a vast common ("wilderness") or open pasturage, to which the Moabites had fled on the invasion from the west
(Isa 15:7).
ruler of the land--namely, of Idumea, that is, the king of Judah; Amaziah had become master of Idumea and Sela
(2Ki 14:7).
2
無標題
2. cast out of . . . nest——不如譯作「如被逐出的雛鳥」（與「流浪的鳥」或不如譯流浪的鳥們同位），即剛長羽翼、被逐出孵育之巢的雛鳥 [HORSLEY]。比較
Isa 10:14; De 32:11.
daughters of Moab——即摩押的居民。參
2Ki 19:21; Ps 48:11; Jer 46:11; La 4:22
[MAURER].
at the fords——試圖渡過摩押的界河，以便逃出那地。EWALD 與 MAURER 將「渡口」作為「亞嫩河的居民」的詩意表達，與同義的平行句「摩押的女子」相對應。
英文原文
2. cast out of . . . nest--rather, "as a brood cast out" (in apposition with "a wandering bird," or rather, wandering birds), namely, a brood just fledged and expelled from the nest in which they were hatched [HORSLEY]. Compare
Isa 10:14; De 32:11.
daughters of Moab--that is, the inhabitants of Moab. So
2Ki 19:21; Ps 48:11; Jer 46:11; La 4:22
[MAURER].
at the fords--trying to cross the boundary river of Moab, in order to escape out of the land. EWALD and MAURER make "fords" a poetical expression for "the dwellers on Arnon," answering to the parallel clause of the same sense, "daughters of Moab."
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無標題
3-5. GESENIUS、MAURER 等人將這幾節視為逃亡的摩押人向猶大人求庇護的呼籲；他們將
Isa 16:4
譯作：「求你容我這摩押的逃民與你猶大同住」；這庇護必被猶大人拒絕，因摩押的驕傲
(Isa 16:6).
VITRINGA 則認為這是除了進貢之外，對摩押的額外勸告：要接待那些在你境內避難的猶大逃民
(Isa 16:3, 4);
如此，無論何人坐在「大衛」的「寶座」上
(Isa 16:5),
也必以「憐憫」回報你。以賽亞預見摩押必因太驕傲而不肯進貢，也不肯藉庇護猶大逃民來討好猶大
(Isa 16:6);
因此審判必臨到。然而，由於摩押方才被描繪為本身即在以東地作逃民，呼籲它去庇護猶大逃民便顯得前後不一致。因此，這更像是預言摩押將來荒涼的景況——其民將求猶大人收留，卻因驕傲而被拒。
make . . . shadow as . . . night . . . in . . . noonday——比喻在正午烈日之下濃密的蔭蔽
(Isa 4:6; 25:4; 32:2).
bewray . . . wandereth——不可將逃亡者出賣給追趕他的人。
英文原文
3-5. GESENIUS, MAURER, &c., regard these verses as an address of the fugitive Moabites to the Jews for protection; they translate
Isa 16:4,
"Let mine outcasts of Moab dwell with thee, Judah"; the protection will be refused by the Jews, for the pride of Moab
(Isa 16:6).
VITRINGA makes it an additional advice to Moab, besides paying tribute. Give shelter to the Jewish outcasts who take refuge in thy land
(Isa 16:3, 4);
so "mercy" will be shown thee in turn by whatever king sits on the "throne" of "David"
(Isa 16:5).
Isaiah foresees that Moab will be too proud to pay the tribute, or conciliate Judah by sheltering its outcasts
(Isa 16:6);
therefore judgment shall be executed. However, as Moab just before is represented as itself an outcast in Idumea, it seems incongruous that it should be called on to shelter Jewish outcasts. So that it seems rather to foretell the ruined state of Moab when its people should beg the Jews for shelter, but be refused for their pride.
make . . . shadow as . . . night . . . in . . . noonday--emblem of a thick shelter from the glaring noonday heat
(Isa 4:6; 25:4; 32:2).
bewray . . . wandereth--Betray not the fugitive to his pursuer.
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無標題
4. 不如作「讓摩押的逃民與你同住」（猶大）[HORSLEY]。
for the extortioner, 等等——大概指亞述的壓迫者。
is at an end——當摩押向猶大求庇護之時，猶大必已處於可以提供庇護的狀態，因亞述的壓迫者必已從那地「被除滅」。
英文原文
4. Rather, "Let the outcasts of Moab dwell with thee" (Judah) [HORSLEY].
for the extortioner, &c.--The Assyrian oppressor probably.
is at an end--By the time that Moab begs Judah for shelter, Judah shall be in a condition to afford it, for the Assyrian oppressor shall have been "consumed out of the land."
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無標題
5. 若猶大收留懇求的摩押人，容他在以東居住，福分也必歸到猶大本身及其「寶座」。
truth . . . judgment . . . righteousness——如此出於神默示的語言，適用於彌賽亞王之下的「末後的日子」，那時「耶和華必使摩押被擄的人歸回」
(Ps 72:2; 96:13; 98:9;
Jer 48:47;
Ro 11:12).
hasting——「迅捷執行」。
英文原文
5. If Judah shelters the suppliant Moab, allowing him to remain in Idumea, a blessing will redound to Judah itself and its "throne."
truth . . . judgment . . . righteousness--language so divinely framed as to apply to "the latter days" under King Messiah, when "the Lord shall bring again the captivity of Moab"
(Ps 72:2; 96:13; 98:9; Jer 48:47; Ro 11:12).
hasting--"prompt in executing."
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無標題
6. We——猶大人。我們因摩押的驕傲而拒絕他的懇求。
lies——虛假的誇口。
not be so——不如作「不對」；必證為虛空
(Isa 25:10;
Jer 48:29, 30;
Zep 2:8).
「必不如此；他的謊言不能如此生效。」
英文原文
6. We--Jews. We reject Moab's supplication for his pride.
lies--false boasts.
not be so--rather, "not right"; shall prove vain
(Isa 25:10; Jer 48:29, 30; Zep 2:8).
"It shall not be so; his lies shall not so effect it."
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無標題
7. Therefore——既已被斷絕了一切蒙猶大人允許庇護的指望。
foundations——即「廢墟」；因為房屋被拆毀時，只剩下「根基」
(Isa 58:12).
耶利米在平行經文
(Jer 48:31)
中譯作「人」——人是城市的道德根基或支柱。
Kirhareseth——字面作「磚造的堡壘」。
surely they are stricken——不如作與「哀號」連讀：「你們必完全被擊打而哀號」[MAURER 和 HORSLEY]。
英文原文
7. Therefore--all hope of being allowed shelter by the Jews being cut off.
foundations--that is, "ruins"; because, when houses are pulled down, the "foundations" alone are left
(Isa 58:12).
Jeremiah, in the parallel place
(Jer 48:31),
renders it "men," who are the moral foundations or stay of a city.
Kirhareseth--literally, "a citadel of brick."
surely they are stricken--rather, joined with "mourn"; "Ye shall mourn utterly stricken" [MAURER and HORSLEY].
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無標題
8. fields——葡萄園
(De 32:32)。
vine of Sibmah——在希實本附近：即枯萎了。
lords of . . . heathen——外邦的君王，即亞述人等入侵摩押者，毀壞了他的葡萄樹。傑里邁亞在平行的經文也是如此說
(Jer 48:32, 33)。
MAURER 認為下文的字句宜譯作：「它（西比瑪的葡萄樹）的嫩枝（從其中所得的酒）以它澤厚的味道與效力壓倒了列邦的君王」
(Ge 49:11, 12, 22)。
come . . . Jazer——它們（葡萄的嫩枝）甚至達到雅謝，離希實本十五哩。
wandered——它們以野生的繁茂蔓延了圍繞摩押的阿拉伯曠野。
the sea——死海；或指雅謝附近某個現已乾涸的湖泊；
Jer 48:32
稱之為「雅謝的海」；但見
Jer 48:32 註釋
(Ps 80:8-11)。
英文原文
8. fields--vine-fields
(De 32:32).
vine of Sibmah--near Heshbon: namely, languishes.
lords of . . . heathen--The heathen princes, the Assyrians, &c., who invaded Moab, destroyed his vines. So Jeremiah in the parallel place
(Jer 48:32, 33).
MAURER thinks the following words require rather the rendering, "Its (the vine of Sibmah) shoots (the wines got from them) overpowered (by its generous flavor and potency) the lords of the nations"
(Ge 49:11, 12, 22).
come . . . Jazer--They (the vine shoots) reached even to Jazer, fifteen miles from Heshbon.
wandered--They overran in wild luxuriance the wilderness of Arabia, encompassing Moab.
the sea--the Dead Sea; or else some lake near Jazer now dry; in
Jer 48:32
called "the sea of Jazer"; but see on
Jer 48:32
(Ps 80:8-11).
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無標題
9. I——雖然我屬於另一國，卻要為其荒涼哀傷（見
Isa 15:5 註釋）。
with . . . weeping of Jazer——如雅謝哭泣一般。
shouting for . . . fallen——宜作「在你的夏令果子並繁茂的葡萄樹上，呼喊（即戰呼，而非葡萄收割時尋常的歡呼聲）已經落下」
(Isa 16:10; Jer 25:30; 51:14)。
在平行的經文
(Jer 48:32)
中，字句實質上表達相同含義。「搶奪者已落在你的夏令果子上。」
英文原文
9. I--will bewail for its desolation, though I belong to another nation (see on
Isa 15:5).
with . . . weeping of Jazer--as Jazer weeps.
shouting for . . . fallen--rather, "Upon thy summer fruits and upon thy luxuriant vines the shouting (the battle shout, instead of the joyous shout of the grape-gatherers, usual at the vintage) is fallen"
(Isa 16:10; Jer 25:30; 51:14).
In the parallel passage
(Jer 48:32)
the words substantially express the same sense. "The spoiler is fallen upon thy summer fruits."
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無標題
10. gladness——如豐收時所感到的喜樂。因荒涼的緣故，必沒有收割或葡萄收割；因此也沒有「喜樂」。
英文原文
10. gladness--such as is felt in gathering a rich harvest. There shall be no harvest or vintage owing to the desolation; therefore no "gladness."
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無標題
11. bowels——聖經中指渴慕同情之情的所在。意指內在情感的所在，如心等
(Isa 63:15；
並比較
Isa 15:5; Jer 48:36)。
sound . . . harp——如琴弦被撥子或手擊打時振動。
英文原文
11. bowels--in Scripture the seat of yearning compassion. It means the inward seat of emotion, the heart, &c.
(Isa 63:15;
compare
Isa 15:5; Jer 48:36).
sound . . . harp--as its strings vibrate when beaten with the plectrum or hand.
12
無標題
12. when it is seen that——宜作「當摩押出現（在其神明面前；參
Ex 23:15），
當他疲乏時（即當他因遵守繁重的禮儀而疲憊；
1Ki 18:26，
等等），在高處（參
Isa 15:2)，
並來到他的聖所（尼波山上基抹偶像的）禱告時，他必不成功」；他的禱告將毫無效果〔MAURER〕。
英文原文
12. when it is seen that--rather, "When Moab shall have appeared (before his gods; compare
Ex 23:15),
when he is weary (that is, when he shall have fatigued himself with observing burdensome rites;
1Ki 18:26,
&c.), on the high place (compare
Isa 15:2),
and shall come to his sanctuary (of the idol Chemosh on Mount Nebo) to pray, he shall not prevail"; he shall effect nothing by his prayers [MAURER].
13
無標題
13. 自從那時候——宜作「關於那時候」〔HORSLEY〕。BARNES 譯作「先前」，與「但現在」
（賽 16:14）
相對：先前已有關於摩押的預言
（出 15:15； 民 21:29），
以賽亞已將其要旨道出：但現在，一個明確且穩定的時候也已定了。
英文原文
13. since that time--rather, "respecting that time" [HORSLEY]. BARNES translates it, "formerly" in contrast to "but now"
(Isa 16:14):
heretofore former prophecies
(Ex 15:15; Nu 21:29)
have been given as to Moab, of which Isaiah has given the substance: but now a definite and steady time also is fixed.
14
無標題
14. 三年……雇工——正如雇工有其固定的雇用期限，他與雇主都不容增減，照樣摩押敗亡的期限也是不可更改地定了
（賽 21:16）。
在亞述人將以色列擄去之時左右應驗。以利亞、希實本、米底巴、底本等地的廢墟至今猶存，印證聖經的默示。三千年前對各地準確具體的指明，並為現代研究所證實，是預言真實性的有力見證。
英文原文
14. three years . . . hireling--Just as a hireling has his fixed term of engagement, which neither he nor his master will allow to be added to or to be taken from, so the limit within which Moab is to fall is unalterably fixed
(Isa 21:16).
Fulfilled about the time when the Assyrians led Israel into captivity. The ruins of Elealeh, Heshbon, Medeba, Dibon, &c., still exist to confirm the inspiration of Scripture. The accurate particularity of specification of the places three thousand years ago, confirmed by modern research, is a strong testimony to the truth of prophecy.
Isa 16:1-14.
關於摩押預言的延續。
1. lamb——先知對逃往南方以東地的摩押人的建議：當向猶大王進獻羊羔之貢，這貢物他們從前獻給以色列，如今卻已停止
(2Ki 3:4, 5).
大概在大衛年間、猶大與以色列尚未分裂之前，便已立下這項貢賦
(2Sa 8:2).
因此摩押被勸告藉著向猶大王納貢來博得猶大的恩寵與保護。這是順服彌賽亞之必要的預表
(Ps 2:10-12; Ro 12:1).
from Sela to——不如譯作「從 Petra 經（字面作『向』）曠野」[MAURER]。「Sela」意為「磐石」，希臘文作 Petra；是以東與阿拉伯彼特拉的首府；其居民大多在岩石中鑿出居所。周圍的地區是一片廣大的公地（「曠野」）或開闊牧場，摩押人在西面入侵時逃至此處
(Isa 15:7).
ruler of the land——即以東地的治理者，亦即猶大王；亞瑪謝已成為以東與西拉的主人
(2Ki 14:7).