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英文原文
The account we have of David's exit, in the beginning of the first book of Kings, does not make his sun nearly so bright as that given in this and the following chapter, where we have his solemn farewell both to his son and his subjects, and must own that he finished well. In this chapter we have, I. A general convention of the states summoned to meet, 1Ch 28:1. II. A solemn declaration of the divine entail both of the crown and of the honour of building the temple upon Solomon, 1Ch 28:2-7. III. An exhortation both to the people and to Solomon to make religion their business, 1Ch 28:8-10. IV. The model and materials delivered to Solomon for the building of the temple, 1Ch 28:11-19. V. Encouragement given him to undertake it and proceed in it, 1Ch 28:20,21.
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David's Charge to the People (1015 BC)
大卫对百姓的嘱托（主前1015年）
¹ 大卫招聚以色列的众首领——各支派的首领、轮班伺候王的军长、千夫长和百夫长、管理王和他众子一切财物和产业的管家、太监、勇士，以及一切大能的勇士——到耶路撒冷。 ² 于是大卫王站起来，说：我的弟兄、我的百姓啊，请听我的话。至于我，我本心里想要为耶和华的约柜造一个安息之处，为我们神的脚凳造一处，并且已经为建造作了预备。 ³ 只是神对我说：你不可为我的名建造殿宇，因你是争战的人，曾流人的血。 ⁴ 然而耶和华以色列的神在我父全家之中拣选了我，使我在以色列中永远作王；因他拣选犹大为为首的；在犹大家中，又拣选我父家；在我父的众子中，他喜悦我，使我在全以色列作王。 ⁵ 在我众子之中——耶和华赐了我许多儿子——他拣选了我儿子所罗门坐耶和华以色列之国的宝座。 ⁶ 他对我说：你儿子所罗门要建造我的殿和我的院宇；因为我拣选他作我的儿子，我也要作他的父。 ⁷ 我也要永远坚定他的国，只要他恒久遵行我的诫命和典章，如今日一样。 ⁸ 现今，在以色列全会众——耶和华的会——眼前，并在我们神的耳中，你们当遵守并寻求耶和华你们神的一切诫命，好使你们得以承受这美地，并留给你们的子孙永远为业。 ⁹ 我儿所罗门哪，你当认识你父亲的神，诚心乐意地伺候他；因为耶和华鉴察众人的一切心，明白人的一切心思意念；你若寻求他，他必使你寻见；你若离弃他，他必永远丢弃你。 ¹⁰ 你现在当谨慎，因为耶和华拣选了你建造殿宇为圣所；你当刚强去行。
大卫在他那个时代行了极多的事奉，曾按神的旨意服事了他那一世代的人（徒13:36）。但如今他将死之时已近，作为大卫之子的一位预表，他越接近终末，就越发忙碌，竭尽心力作他的工。他如今稍从王上1:1所提的衰弱中复原——那时他们给他盖上衣服，他还是没有暖意：但衰老之症哪里有治呢？因此他善用康复之机，以此为机会对神和他的国家再多作一点事奉。
I. 他召集一切伟人前来伺候他，好向他们一同辞别（代上28:1）。摩西曾如此行（申31:28），约书亚也曾如此行（代上23:2、24:1）。大卫不愿在百姓的代表们不在场、不满意的情形下宣布王冠的安排。
II. 他以极大的尊重和体恤向他们说话。他不仅竭力从床上起来，与他们相会（这场合使他重新得着精神），而且从座位上起来，站起来（代上28:2）——以敬畏于他即将宣布其旨意的神，以敬畏于这一神之以色列的庄严集会；仿佛他虽自视为major singulis——大于他们中任何一人，却仍minor universis——小于他们众人合在一起。他的年纪和衰弱，连同他的尊荣，都本可容他安坐；但他要表明自己确实为百姓众多、并自己统辖他们之事而心中骄傲，已谦卑下来。他曾太以他们都是他的仆人为乐（代上21:3），如今却称他们为他的弟兄——他所爱的，他的百姓——他所看顾的，而非他的仆人——他所管辖的：我的弟兄、我的百姓啊，请听我的话。 在上者向下者——甚至向在下者——以爱心和谦卑说话，原是合宜的；他们不会因此少受尊崇，反而多蒙敬爱。如此他便赢得他们对所要说之话的注意。
III. 他宣布了他为神建造圣殿的心意，以及神对此心意的否决（代上28:2-3）。这事他先前已向所罗门说明（代上22:7-8）。约柜安息之处在此被称为我们神脚凳安息之处；因为天是他荣耀的宝座；地和其上所能建造的最宏伟的圣殿，不过是他的脚凳——神圣荣耀在上界和下界的显现之间，差距竟是如此之大。天使围绕他的宝座（赛6:1）。我们这些如虫的人，不过在他的脚凳前下拜（诗99:5、123:7）。作为他建造圣殿之诚意的一个证据，他告诉他们他已为此作了预备；只是神不容他继续前行，因为已派他作别的工——那工已够一个人去作，即掌理以色列的战事。他必须用刀剑事奉公众；另一个人要用准绳和锤线去作这事。太平之时正是建造之时（徒9:31）。
IV. 他先提出自己、再提出所罗门对王冠的资格；二者无疑都是jure divino——凭神权。他们能拿出这样的资格，是地上任何君王都办不到的；主以色列的神借着预言——不是借着护理——即时拣选了他们二人（代上28:4-5）。此处毫不提长子继承权。Detur digniori, non seniori——凭功绩而非凭年岁。 一、犹大并非雅各的长子，神却拣选那支派作掌权的支派；雅各已把权杖定归它（创49:10）。二、耶西的家是否为那支派中最年长的家并不显明；从犹大而言肯定不是，因为示拉在法勒斯之先；是否从拿顺和撒门而出则不确定。拿顺的父亲兰有一位长兄（代上2:9）。波阿斯、俄备得、耶西也许也是如此。然而神拣选了我父的家。 三、大卫是耶西最小的儿子，神却喜悦他，立他作王——如此在他眼中看为美。神取他所喜悦的，又喜悦他所塑造、使他像自己的人——如大卫，一个合他心意的人。四、所罗门是大卫众子中年幼的一个，神却拣选他坐在宝座上，因为他们中他最适于建造圣殿，最有智慧、心也最正。
V. 他向他们披露了神关于所罗门的恩典旨意（代上28:6-7）：我拣选他作我的儿子。 如此他宣布了那命令——主曾对所罗门说，作为基督的预表，你是我的儿子（诗2:7），是我爱的儿子；因为他被称为耶底底雅，是因耶和华爱他，而基督是他的爱子。论到所罗门，神说——作为那将来要来者的预表：一、他要建造我的殿。 基督既是福音圣殿的根基，也是它的根基。二、我必永远坚定他的国。 这事必在弥赛亚的国度中得着应验；他的国度要在他手中历经万代（赛9:7、路1:33），然后要交在父神手中；然而也许仍要交回给救赎主，直到永远。论到所罗门，他的国得坚立这一应许在此是有条件的：只要他恒久遵行我的诫命，如今日一样。 所罗门此时十分温良善良：他若继续如此，他的国必继续，否则不然。 注意：我们若向自己的本分恒心，那时——也只有那时——我们可以指望神恩典的延续。愿那些受了良好教导、起头良好的人留意这事——他们若恒心，便是快乐的；坚持到底的虽不是因功劳赢得冠冕，却是戴上冠冕。
VI. 他嘱咐他们坚定地倚靠神、忠于本分（代上28:8）。当观察：一、这嘱咐的内容：遵守并寻求耶和华你们神的一切诫命。 耶和华是他们的神；他的诫命当成为他们的法则；他们当顾到一切诫命，当以遵守为良心之事，并为此——寻求这些诫命，即当殷勤查问自己的本分，查考圣经，请教于人，向那些嘴唇当存留这知识的人求律法，并祷告求神教导引导。神的诫命若不格外用心便不能遵守。二、这嘱咐的庄严性。他在全以色列眼前——这些人都要得知这公开的嘱咐——并在他们的神的耳中嘱咐他们。神是见证，这会众也是见证，他们已得了好劝勉、好警告；他们若不接受，便是他们的罪，神和人都要作见证控告他们。（参提前5:21、提后4:1）。那些承认信仰的人，正如看重神的喜悦和在人心中的名声一样，必须对所承认的信仰忠诚。三、遵守这嘱咐的动机。这就是得福之道——自己安然承受这美地，并把这地的传承保存给他们的子孙。
VII. 他以对所罗门本人的嘱咐作结（代上28:9-10）。他十分关念所罗门要敬虔。他将成为大人物，但不可把敬虔视为有失身份的事——他是智慧人，而这正是他的智慧。当观察：
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他所给的嘱咐。他当看神，看他父亲的神——他那曾将他献给神、又为神而培育他的好父亲。他生在神的家，因此有本分属神；他在神家中长大，因此有感恩的本分。你自己的朋友、你父亲的朋友，不可离弃。 他当认识神，并伺候他。我们若不认识神，便不能正当地伺候他；我们若不伺候他——用心思伺候他——认识他便是枉然。我们若不把心放在其上、不把这当作心中的工，信仰便算不得什么。当以完全——即正直——的心伺候他（因为诚实便是我们在福音下的完全），并以乐意的心——出于爱的原则，并如甘心献身的百姓，欢欣乐意地伺候他。
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强调这嘱咐的理由。
（一）两个总括性的理由：一、我们灵魂的隐秘在神面前都是敞开的；他鉴察一切心——甚至世人所不能测透的君王的心（箴25:3）。我们因此当真诚，因为若心怀诡诈，神看见，不能被骗；我们因此当使用我们的心思，使它们投入神的事奉，因为他完全明白其中一切意念——无论善恶。二、我们今生的祸福，以及永远的祸福，都在于我们是否伺候神。我们若殷勤寻求他，他必使我们寻见——这就足以使我们得福（来11:6）。我们若离弃他——离弃他的事奉，转离不跟随他——他必永远丢弃我们，这就足以使我们遭祸。注意：神从来不丢弃任何人，除非那人先丢弃他。这里还有
（二）一个特别对所罗门而发的理由（代上28:10）：你要为圣所建造殿宇；所以要寻求并伺候神，使那工从好的原则出发，以正当地方式行，并蒙悦纳。
- 为此所定的方法，也是为我们众人所定的。（一）谨慎：当谨慎； 当防备一切似乎邪恶或引向邪恶的事物。（二）勇气：你当刚强去行。 我们若不下决心，并从神的恩典得着能力，便不能照所当行的去作我们的工。
英文原文
David's Charge to the People (1015 BC)
¹ And David assembled all the princes of Israel, the princes of the tribes, and the captains of the companies that ministered to the king by course, and the captains over the thousands, and captains over the hundreds, and the stewards over all the substance and possession of the king, and of his sons, with the officers, and with the mighty men, and with all the valiant men, unto Jerusalem.
² Then David the king stood up upon his feet, and said, Hear me, my brethren, and my people: As for me, I had in mine heart to build a house of rest for the ark of the covenant of the LORD, and for the footstool of our God, and had made ready for the building:
³ But God said unto me, Thou shalt not build a house for my name, because thou hast been a man of war, and hast shed blood.
⁴ Howbeit the LORD God of Israel chose me before all the house of my father to be king over Israel for ever: for he hath chosen Judah to be the ruler; and of the house of Judah, the house of my father; and among the sons of my father he liked me to make me king over all Israel:
⁵ And of all my sons, (for the LORD hath given me many sons,) he hath chosen Solomon my son to sit upon the throne of the kingdom of the LORD over Israel.
⁶ And he said unto me, Solomon thy son, he shall build my house and my courts: for I have chosen him to be my son, and I will be his father.
⁷ Moreover I will establish his kingdom for ever, if he be constant to do my commandments and my judgments, as at this day.
⁸ Now therefore in the sight of all Israel the congregation of the LORD, and in the audience of our God, keep and seek for all the commandments of the LORD your God: that ye may possess this good land, and leave it for an inheritance for your children after you for ever.
⁹ And thou, Solomon my son, know thou the God of thy father, and serve him with a perfect heart and with a willing mind: for the LORD searcheth all hearts, and understandeth all the imaginations of the thoughts: if thou seek him, he will be found of thee; but if thou forsake him, he will cast thee off for ever.
¹⁰ Take heed now; for the LORD hath chosen thee to build an house for the sanctuary: be strong, and do it.
A great deal of service David had done in his day, had served his generation according to the will of God, Ac 13:36. But now the time draws night that he must die, and, as a type of the Son of David, the nearer he comes to his end the more busy he is, and does his work with all his might. He is now a little recovered from the indisposition mentioned 1Ki 1:1, when they covered him with clothes, and he got no heat: but was cure is there for old age? He therefore improves his recovery, as giving him an opportunity of doing God and his country a little more service.
I. He summoned all the great men to attend him, that he might take leave of them all together, 1Ch 28:1. Thus Moses did (De 31:28), and Joshua, 1Ch 23:2,24:1. David would not declare the settlement of the crown but in the presence, and to the satisfaction, of those that were the representatives of the people.
II. He addressed them with a great deal of respect and tenderness. He not only exerted himself to rise from his bed, to give them the meeting (the occasion putting new spirits into him), but he rose out of his chair, and stood up upon his feet (1Ch 28:2), in reverence to God whose will he was to declare, and in reverence to this solemn assembly of the Israel of God, as if he looked upon himself, though major singulis—greater than any individual among them, yet minor universis—less than the whole of them together. His age and infirmities, as well as his dignity, might well have allowed him to keep his seat; but he would show that he was indeed humbled for the pride of his heart both in the numbers of his people and his dominion over them. It had been too much his pleasure that they were all his servants (1Ch 21:3), but now he calls them his brethren, whom he loved, his people, whom he took care of, not his servants, whom he had command of: Hear me, my brethren, and my people. It becomes superiors thus to speak with affection and condescension even to their inferiors; they will not be the less honoured for it, but the more beloved. Thus he engages their attention to what he was about to say.
III. He declared the purpose he had formed to build a temple for God, and God's disallowing that purpose, 1Ch 28:2,3. This he had signified to Solomon before, 1Ch 22:7,8. A house of rest for the ark is here said to be a house of rest for the footstool of our God; for heaven is his throne of glory; the earth, and the most magnificent temples that can be built upon it, are but his footstool: so much difference is there between the manifestations of the divine glory in the upper and lower world. Angels surround his throne, Isa 6:1. We poor worms do but worship at his footstool Ps 99:5,123:7. As an evidence of the sincerity of his purpose to build the temple, he tells them that he had made ready for it, but that God would not suffer him to proceed because he had appointed other work for him to do, which was enough for one man, namely, the managing of the wars of Israel. He must serve the public with the sword; another must do it with the line and plummet. Times of rest are building times, Ac 9:31.
IV. He produced his own title first, and then Solomon's, to the crown; both were undoubtedly jure divino—divine. They could make out such a title as no monarch on earth can; the Lord God of Israel chose them both immediately, by prophecy, not providence, 1Ch 28:4,5. No right of primogeniture is pretended. Detur digniori, non seniori—It went by worth, not by age. 1. Judah was not the eldest son of Jacob, yet God chose that tribe to be the ruling tribe; Jacob entailed the sceptre upon it, Ge 49:10. 2. It does not appear that the family of Jesse was the senior house of that tribe; from Judah it is certain that it was not, for Shelah was before Pharez; whether from Nahshon and Salmon is not certain. Ram, the father of Nahshon, had a elder brother, 1Ch 2:9. Perhaps so had Boaz, Obed, and Jesse. Yet "God chose the house of my father." 3. David was the youngest son of Jesse, yet God liked him to make him king; so it seemed good unto him. God takes whom he likes, and likes whom he makes like himself, as he did David, a man after his own heart. 4. Solomon was one of the youngest sons of David, and yet God chose him to sit upon the throne, because he was the likeliest of them all to build the temple, the wisest and best inclined.
V. He opened to them God's gracious purposes concerning Solomon (1Ch 28:6,7): I have chosen him to be my son. Thus he declares the decree, that the Lord had said to Solomon, as a type of Christ, Thou art my son (Ps 2:7), the son of my love; for he was called Jedidiah, because the Lord loved him, and Christ is his beloved Son. Of him God said, as a figure of him that was to come, 1. He shall build my house. Christ is both the founder and the foundation of the gospel temple. 2. I will establish his kingdom for ever. This must have its accomplishment in the kingdom of the Messiah, which shall continue in his hands through all the ages of time (Isa 9:7, Lu 1:33) and shall then be delivered up to God, even the Father, yet perhaps to be delivered back to the Redeemer for ever. As to Solomon, this promise of the establishment of his kingdom is here made conditional: If he be constant to do my commandments, as at this day. Solomon was now very towardly and good: "If he continue so, his kingdom shall continue, otherwise not." Note, If we be constant to our duty, then, and not otherwise, we may expect the continuance of God's favour. Let those that are well taught, and begin well, take notice of this—if they be constant, they are happy; perseverance wears the crown, though it wins it not.
VI. He charged them to adhere stedfastly to God and their duty, 1Ch 28:8. Observe, 1. The matter for this charge: Keep, and seek for all the commandments of the Lord your God. The Lord was their God; his commandments must be their rule; they must have respect to them all, must make conscience of keeping them, and, in order thereunto, must seek for them, that is, must be inquisitive concerning their duty, search the scriptures, take advice, seek the law at the mouth of those whose lips were to keep this knowledge, and pray to God to teach and direct them. God's commandments will not be kept without great care. 2. The solemnity of it. He charged them in the sight of all Israel, who would all have notice of this public charge, and in the audience of their God. "God is witness, and this congregation is witness, that they have good counsel given them, and fair warning; if they do not take it, it is their fault, and God and man will be witnesses against them." See 1Ti 5:21, 2Ti 4:1. Those that profess religion, as they tender the favour of God and their reputation with men, must be faithful to their profession. 3. The motive to observe this charge. It was the way to be happy, to have the peaceable possession of this good land themselves and to preserve the entail of it upon their children.
VII. He concluded with a charge to Solomon himself, 1Ch 28:9,10. He was much concerned that Solomon should be religious. He was to be a great man, but he must not think religion below him—a wise man, and this would be his wisdom. Observe,
1. The charge he gives him. He must look upon God and the God of his father, his good father, who had devoted him to God and educated him for God. He was born in God's house and therefore bound in duty to be his, brought up in his house and therefore bound in gratitude. Thy own friend, and thy father's friend, forsake not. He must know God and serve him. We cannot serve God aright if we do not know him; and in vain do we know him if we do not serve him, serve him with heart and mind. We make nothing of religion if we do not mind it, and make heart-work of it. Serve him with a perfect, that is, an upright heart (for sincerity is our gospel perfection), and with a willing mind, from a principle of love, and as a willing people, cheerfully and with pleasure.
2. The arguments to enforce this charge.
(1.) Two arguments of general inducement:— [1.] That the secrets of our souls are open before God; he searches all hearts, even the hearts of kings, which to men are unsearchable, Pr 25:3. We must therefore be sincere, because, if we deal deceitfully, God sees it, and cannot be imposed upon; we must therefore employ our thoughts, and engage them in God's service, because he fully understands all the imaginations of them, both good and bad. [2.] That we are happy or miserable here, and for ever, according as we do, or do not, serve God. If we seek him diligently, he will be found of us, and that is enough to make us happy, Heb 11:6. If we forsake him, desert his service and turn from following him, he will cast us off for ever, and that is enough to make us miserable. Note, God never casts any off till they have first cast him off. Here is,
(2.) One argument peculiar to Solomon (1Ch 28:10): "Thou art to build a house for the sanctuary; therefore seek and serve God, that that work may be done from a good principle, in a right manner, and may be accepted."
3. The means prescribed in order hereunto, and they are prescribed to us all. (1.) Caution: Take heed; beware of every thing that looks like, or leads to, that which is evil. (2.) Courage: Be strong, and do it. We cannot do our work as we should unless we put on resolution, and fetch in strength from divine grace.
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David's Charge to Solomon (1015 BC)
大卫对所罗门的嘱托（主前1015年）
¹¹ 大卫将殿的廊子、房屋、府库、楼房、内殿，和施恩座之样式，都指示他儿子所罗门； ¹² 又将被灵感动所得的样式，就是耶和华殿的院子、周围的房屋、神的府库和圣物府库，都指示他； ¹³ 又指示祭司和利未人的班次，以及耶和华殿里各样事奉的工，和耶和华殿里一切事奉用的器皿； ¹⁴ 又指示金子作金器，是为各样事奉之用的；银子作各样银器，是按各样事奉的分量； ¹⁵ 又指示金灯台的分量和其上金灯的分量，每一个灯台和其上的灯，也是按分量；银灯台的分量，也是按灯台和其上灯的分量，照着各灯台的用处。 ¹⁶ 陈设饼的金桌子上，每一个桌子按分量；银桌子上，也是如此。 ¹⁷ 又用精金作肉叉子、盘子、和杯；金碗按各个金碗的分量；银碗按各个银碗的分量。 ¹⁸ 又指示精金的香坛按分量；又指示基路伯的车的样式，他们张开翅膀遮盖耶和华的约柜。 ¹⁹ 大卫说：这一切工作的样式，都是耶和华用手画出来使我明白的。 ²⁰ 大卫又对他儿子所罗门说：你当刚强壮胆去行；不要惧怕，也不要惊惶；因为耶和华神，就是我的神，必与你同在；他必不撇下你，也不丢弃你，直到耶和华殿的事奉之工都完毕了。 ²¹ 看哪，祭司和利未人的班次，他们要与你同在，办理神殿里一切的事奉；又有甘心有智慧的各样巧匠，与你同在，办理各样工；众首领和众百姓也都要完全听从你的话。
至于大卫给他儿子的一般嘱托——要寻求神、事奉神，律法书便是他唯一的准则，也不需要别的；但论到建造圣殿，大卫如今要把三样东西交给他：一、建筑的样式，因为这殿的样式，他和他的建筑师都未曾见过。摩西曾在山上得着会幕的样式（来8:5），大卫也照样得着圣殿的样式，是神亲手交代的（代上28:19）。这样式是写下来交给他的，也许是借天使的职事，或者如同以文字那样清楚准确地呈现于他心中。但经上记着（代上28:12），他借着灵得了这样式。这类事不可信靠大卫的敬虔设计或所罗门的智慧。圣殿必须是圣物，又作基督的预表；其中不仅要有便利和体面，更要有意义：它如同圣礼一般；所以不可交由人的技艺或发明去构想，必须按神圣的设立而塑造。基督这真圣殿、教会这福音圣殿、以及天这永远圣殿，都是照着神的定旨而造，蓝图设于神圣的智慧之中，在创世以前就已为神的荣耀和我们的益处而定。这样式大卫交给了所罗门，使他知道当预备什么，并可循确定的准则而行。基督把建造他福音教会的托付交给门徒时，也给了他们精确的样式，吩咐他们唯独遵守他所命令的。各部分的样式在此都被提到——廊子，比其余部分更高，如同尖塔；然后是房屋，即圣所和至圣所，连同附属的房间，用作府库、内室、和客厅；尤其施恩座之处（代上28:11）；还有院子和周围的屋子，分别归己之物便存放其中。帕特里克主教以为，其中存了摩西所立的会幕和其中一切的器具——如今已不再有用——这表示到了时候满足，摩西的整套律例、那时代的礼仪，都要被恭敬地搁置，有更好的来代替。他又给他一张祭司班次的表、事奉器皿的样式（代上28:13），以及基路伯之车的样式（代上28:18）。除了施恩座上那两个基路伯之外，还有两个更大的，翅膀从墙到墙（王上6:23-28等）；大卫此处交给所罗门的，就是这两个的样式，称为车；因为天使是神的车乘（诗68:17）。二、最贵重器皿的材料。为使它们不至于做得小于样式所定，他为每件金器银器都称出准确的分量（代上28:14）。会幕里只有一个金灯台；圣殿里有十个（王上7:49），还有银灯台，据推想是手灯（代上28:15）。会幕里只有一张桌子；圣殿里除了摆陈设饼的那张之外，还有十张作别用的（代下4:8），又有银桌子；因为这座房子比那座大得多，若没有相称的陈设，就显空旷。香坛的金特别称为精金（代上28:18），比其余的更纯；因为它预表基督的代求，再没有比这更纯洁完全的了。三、指示他在这样的大工上当向何处寻求帮助。"不要怕反对；不要怕责任、挂虑和烦扰；不要怕像乌撒那事一样出错；不要怕那愚拙建造者的羞辱——他开工却无力完工。不要惊惶。（一）神必帮助你，你当首先仰望他（代上28:20）：耶和华神，就是我的神——我所拣选所事奉的，一路与我同在、使我亨通的；我从自己经历他能力和良善的经历中向你推荐他——他必与你同在，引导你、坚固你、使你亨通；他必不撇下你，也不丢弃你。" 当知：我们确知那位接纳我们列祖、带他们度过他们当日事奉的神，必照样（我们若对他忠心）在我们的日子与我们同行，绝不离开我们，只要他在我们身上、或借我们还有工要作。赐给约书亚的鼓励（书1:5），赐给所罗门的鼓励，也是赐给一切信者的（来13:5）：他永不撇下你，也不丢弃你。 神从不撇下任何人，除非那人先离开他。（二）"敬虔之人必帮助你（代上28:21）。祭司和利未人会给你出主意，你可以与他们商议。你有良善的工人，既甘心又有技能"——这在工人，尤其在圣殿工人身上，是两个极宝贵的品质。最后，"众首领和百姓不但不会阻挡或拖延这工，反而完全听你的吩咐，各人在自己的岗位上推动它前行"。当一切有关之人都全心投入，无人暗中阻挡，都热心推动，善工才有望前行。
英文原文
David's Charge to Solomon (1015 BC)
¹¹ Then David gave to Solomon his son the pattern of the porch, and of the houses thereof, and of the treasuries thereof, and of the upper chambers thereof, and of the inner parlours thereof, and of the place of the mercy seat,
¹² And the pattern of all that he had by the spirit, of the courts of the house of the LORD, and of all the chambers round about, of the treasuries of the house of God, and of the treasuries of the dedicated things:
¹³ Also for the courses of the priests and the Levites, and for all the work of the service of the house of the LORD, and for all the vessels of service in the house of the LORD.
¹⁴ He gave of gold by weight for things of gold, for all instruments of all manner of service; silver also for all instruments of silver by weight, for all instruments of every kind of service:
¹⁵ Even the weight for the candlesticks of gold, and for their lamps of gold, by weight for every candlestick, and for the lamps thereof: and for the candlesticks of silver by weight, both for the candlestick, and also for the lamps thereof, according to the use of every candlestick.
¹⁶ And by weight he gave gold for the tables of showbread, for every table; and likewise silver for the tables of silver:
¹⁷ Also pure gold for the fleshhooks, and the bowls, and the cups: and for the golden basons he gave gold by weight for every bason; and likewise silver by weight for every bason of silver:
¹⁸ And for the altar of incense refined gold by weight; and gold for the pattern of the chariot of the cherubims, that spread out their wings, and covered the ark of the covenant of the LORD.
¹⁹ All this, said David, the LORD made me understand in writing by his hand upon me, even all the works of this pattern.
²⁰ And David said to Solomon his son, Be strong and of good courage, and do it: fear not, nor be dismayed: for the LORD God, even my God, will be with thee; he will not fail thee, nor forsake thee, until thou hast finished all the work for the service of the house of the LORD.
²¹ And, behold, the courses of the priests and the Levites, even they shall be with thee for all the service of the house of God: and there shall be with thee for all manner of workmanship every willing skilful man, for any manner of service: also the princes and all the people will be wholly at thy commandment.
As for the general charge that David gave his son to seek God and serve him, the book of the law was, in that, his only rule, and there needed no other; but, in building the temple, David was now to give him three things:—1. A model of the building, because it was to be such a building as neither he nor his architects ever saw. Moses had a pattern of the tabernacle shown him in the mount (Heb 8:5), so had David of the temple, by the immediate hand of God upon him, 1Ch 28:19. It was given him in writing, probably by the ministry of an angel, or as clearly and exactly represented to his mind as if it had been in writing. But it is said (1Ch 28:12), He had this pattern by the Spirit. The contrivance either of David's devotion or of Solomon's wisdom must not be trusted to in an affair of this nature. The temple must be a sacred thing and a type of Christ; there must be in it not only convenience and decency, but significancy: it was a kind of sacrament, and therefore it must not be left to man's art or invention to contrive it, but must be framed by divine institution. Christ the true temple, the church the gospel temple, and heaven the everlasting temple, are all framed according to the divine councils, and the plan laid in the divine wisdom, ordained before the world for God's glory and ours. This pattern David gave to Solomon, that he might know what to provide and might go by a certain rule. When Christ left with his disciples a charge to build his gospel church he gave them an exact model of it, ordering them to observe that, and that only, which he commanded. The particular models are here mentioned, of the porch, which was higher than the rest, like a steeple,—then the houses, both the holy place and the most holy, with the rooms adjoining, which were for treasuries, chambers, and parlours,—especially the place of the mercy-seat (1Ch 28:11),—of the courts likewise, and the chambers about them, in which the dedicated things were laid up. Bishop Patrick supposes that, among other things, the tabernacle which Moses reared and all the utensils of it, which there was now no further occasion for, were laid up here, signifying that in the fulness of time all the Mosaic economy, all the rites and ceremonies of that dispensation, should be respectfully laid aside, and something better come in their room. He gave him a table of the courses of the priests, patterns of the vessels of service (1Ch 28:13), and a pattern of the chariot of the cherubim, 1Ch 28:18. Besides the two cherubim over the mercy-seat, there were two much larger, whose wings reached from wall to wall (1Ki 6:23-28, etc.), and of these David here gave Solomon the pattern, called a chariot; for the angels are the chariots of God, Ps 68:17. 2. Materials for the most costly of the utensils of the temple. That they might not be made any less than the patterns, he weighed out the exact quantity for each vessel both of gold and silver, 1Ch 28:14. In the tabernacle there was but one golden candlestick; in the temple there were ten (1Ki 7:49), besides silver ones, which, it is supposed, were hand-candlesticks, 1Ch 28:15. In the tabernacle there was but one table; but in the temple, besides that on which the show-bread was set, there were ten others for other uses (2Ch 4:8), besides silver tables; for, this house being much larger than that, it would look bare if it had not furniture proportionable. The gold for the altar of incense is particularly said to be refined gold (1Ch 28:18), purer than any of the rest; for that was typical of the intercession of Christ, than which nothing is more pure and perfect. 3. Directions which way to look for help in this great undertaking. "Fear not opposition; fear not the charge, care, and trouble; fear not miscarrying in it, as in the case of Uzza; fear not the reproach of the foolish builder, that began to build and was not able to finish. Be not dismayed. (1.) God will help thee, and thou must look up to him in the first place (1Ch 28:20): The Lord God, even my God, whom I have chosen and served, who has all along been present with me and prospered me, and to whom, from my own experience of his power and goodness, I recommend thee, he will be with thee, to direct, strengthen, and prosper thee; he will not fail thee nor forsake thee." Note, We may be sure that God, who owned our fathers and carried them through the services of their day, will, in like manner, if we be faithful to him, go along with us in our day, and will never leave us, while he has any work to do in us or by us. The same that was Joshua's encouragement (Jos 1:5), and Solomon's, is given to all believers, Heb 13:5. He will never leave thee, nor forsake thee. God never leaves any unless they first leave him. (2.) "Good men will help thee, 1Ch 28:21. The priests and Levites will advise thee, and thou mayest consult them. Thou hast good workmen, who are both willing and skilful;" and these are two very good properties in a workman, especially in those that work at the temple. And, lastly, "The princes and the people will be so far from opposing or retarding the work that they will be wholly at thy command, every one in his place ready to further it." Then good work is likely to go on when all parties concerned are hearty in it, and none secretly clog it, but all drive on heartily in it.
在列王纪上卷开头所记大卫离世的记述中，他的晚景远不如本卷此处及下一章所记的那般光辉；此处记有大卫对儿子和臣民所作的庄严告别，我们不得不承认他是善始善终的。在本章我们读到：I. 召集了一次普遍的全国大会（代上 28:1）。II. 庄严宣告神将王冠并建造圣殿的尊荣一并赐予所罗门（代上 28:2-7）。III. 劝勉百姓与所罗门，当以敬虔之事为本业（代上 28:8-10）。IV. 将建殿的图样和材料交托给所罗门（代上 28:11-19）。V. 鼓励他承接这工，并继续推进（代上 28:20-21）。