서론
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英文原文
The account we have of David's exit, in the beginning of the first book of Kings, does not make his sun nearly so bright as that given in this and the following chapter, where we have his solemn farewell both to his son and his subjects, and must own that he finished well. In this chapter we have, I. A general convention of the states summoned to meet, 1Ch 28:1. II. A solemn declaration of the divine entail both of the crown and of the honour of building the temple upon Solomon, 1Ch 28:2-7. III. An exhortation both to the people and to Solomon to make religion their business, 1Ch 28:8-10. IV. The model and materials delivered to Solomon for the building of the temple, 1Ch 28:11-19. V. Encouragement given him to undertake it and proceed in it, 1Ch 28:20,21.
1-10
David's Charge to the People (1015 BC)
大衛對百姓的囑咐（主前 1015 年）
¹ 大衛招聚以色列的眾首領，就是各支派的首領、輪流服事王的班長、千夫長、百夫長、掌管王和王子一切財物牲畜的、官長並大能的勇士，都到耶路撒冷。 ² 大衛王就站起來，說：「我的弟兄、我的百姓啊，你們當聽我說：我心裏本想為耶和華的約櫃建造安息之所，就是我們神的腳凳；我已經為建造預備了材料。 ³ 只是神對我說：你不可為我的名建造殿宇，因為你是戰士，流了人的血。 ⁴ 然而耶和華─以色列的神在我父的全家揀選我作以色列的王，直到永遠。因他揀選猶大為首領；在猶大支派中揀選我父家；在我父的眾子裏，喜悅立我作以色列眾人的王。 ⁵ 耶和華賜我許多兒子，在我眾子中揀選我兒子所羅門坐在耶和華國的寶座上治理以色列。 ⁶ 耶和華對我說：你兒子所羅門必建造我的殿和院宇；因為我揀選他作我的子，我也必作他的父。 ⁷ 他若恆久遵行我的誡命典章，如今日一樣，我就必堅定他的國位，直到永遠。 ⁸ 現今在耶和華的會中、以色列眾人眼前、我們神的耳中，我對你們說：你們當尋求耶和華─你們神的一切誡命，謹守遵行；如此你們就可以得這美地為業，並遺留給你們的子孫永遠為業。 ⁹ 我兒所羅門哪，你當認識耶和華─你父的神，誠心樂意地事奉他；因為耶和華鑒察眾人的心，知道人的一切心思意念。你若尋求他，他必使你尋見；你若離棄他，他必永遠丟棄你。 ¹⁰ 你當謹慎，因為耶和華揀選你建造殿宇，作為聖所；你當剛強去行。」
大衛在他這個世代作了許多服事，「按著神的旨意服事了他那一世的人」（徒十三36）。但如今他離世的日子近了；作為大衛子孫的預表，他越接近末了，就越發殷勤，竭盡全力作成他的工。他如今剛剛從王上一1所記的病中稍得恢復──那時他們給他蓋上衣服，他還是不得暖；可是年老之病有何醫治之法呢？因此他便利用這次康復的機會，再為神和他的國家稍盡微勞。
一、他召集了所有的首領前來，好一次向他們全體告別（代上二十八1）。摩西（申三十一28）和約書亞（代上二十三2、二十四1）也是如此行的。大衛不願在沒有百姓的代表在場和滿意的情況下宣布王位的繼承安排。
二、他以極大的敬意和體恤向他們講話。他不僅盡力從病榻上起來會見他們──這個場合為他注入了新的精神──他更從座位上起來，「站在他們腳上」（代上二十八2），這是出於對神的敬畏（他正是要宣布神的旨意），也是出於對這個以色列人神聖大會的敬畏，彷彿他看自己雖「大於其中任何個人」（major singulis），卻「小於他們全體」（minor universis）。以他的年紀和衰弱，加上他的尊榮，本可安坐在位上；但他要表明自己確已為心中因百姓之眾多和對他們的統治而生的驕傲自卑。他曾經太以他們都是他的「僕人」（代上二十一3）為樂，但如今他稱他們為他的「弟兄」──他所親愛的，他的「百姓」──他所看顧的，不再是他的「僕人」──他所管轄的：「我的弟兄、我的百姓啊，你們當聽我說。」為上者如此以慈愛和謙卑對在下者說話，是合宜的；他們不會因此少受尊崇，反而更受愛戴。如此他便吸引了他們對他將要說之話的注意。
三、他宣告了他原已定意要為神建造聖殿的心願，以及神對這心願的否決（代上二十八2、3）。這事他從前已告訴過所羅門（代上二十二7、8）。「為約櫃而設的安息之所」，在此被稱為「我們神腳凳的安息之所」；因為天上是他榮耀的寶座；地和地上所能建造最宏偉的聖殿，不過是他的腳凳：上下兩個世界對神榮耀的彰顯，竟有如此大的差別。天使環繞他的寶座（賽六1）。我們這些如蟲一般的人，不過「在他的腳凳前下拜」（詩九十九5、一三二7）。他告訴他們，他已為建殿預備了材料，作為他有意建殿之誠意的憑據；但神不容他繼續進行，因為神已為他派定了別的工作，而這已足夠一個人去作，就是辦理以色列的戰事。他必須用刀劍服事公眾；另一個人要用準繩和錘線來服事。太平之時，便是建造之時（徒九31）。
四、他先提出自己對王位的憑據，再提出所羅門的憑據；兩者無疑都是「出於神的」（jure divino）。他們能提出的憑據，是世上任何君王都無法提出的；耶和華─以色列的神，是直接藉著預言──不是護理──揀選了他們二人（代上二十八4、5）。這裏沒有訴諸長子繼承權。「按功而非按年」（Detur digniori, non seniori）。1. 猶大原不是雅各的長子，神卻揀選這支派作掌權的支派；雅各已將權杖歸於它（創四十九10）。2. 耶西的家看來並非那個支派中最年長的家族；從猶大而論，這一點是確定的，因為示拉在法勒斯之前；至於從拿順和撒門而論，則不確定。拿順的父親蘭有一位兄長（代上二9）。也許波阿斯、俄備得、耶西也是如此。然而「神揀選了我父的家」。3. 大衛是耶西最年幼的兒子，神卻喜悅立他作王；這在他眼中看為美。神取他所喜悅的，又喜悅他所造使之像他自己的人──正如他待大衛，一個合他心意的人。4. 所羅門是大衛最年幼的兒子之一，神卻揀選他坐在寶座上，因為他最適於建造聖殿，最聰明，心地也最正直。
五、他向他們宣告神關於所羅門的恩典旨意（代上二十八6、7）：「我揀選他作我的子。」如此他便宣布了那定旨：耶和華曾對所羅門──作為基督的預表──說：「你是我的兒子」（詩二7），是我所愛的兒子；因他名為耶底底雅，意思是耶和華愛他；而基督是他的愛子。論到他──作為那將要來者的預表──神說，1.「他必建造我的殿。」基督既是福音聖殿的創立者，也是它的根基。2.「我必堅定他的國位，直到永遠。」這話必須在彌賽亞的國中得著應驗；這國要在他手中經過歷世歷代（賽九7、路一33），然後交付給神，就是父神；然而也許又要永遠交回給救贖主。至於所羅門，此處關於他國位堅定的應許，是有條件的：「他若恆久遵行我的誡命，如今日一樣。」所羅門如今十分柔順善良：「他若繼續如此，他的國位必長存；否則便不然。」請注意，我們若忠於本分，那時、也只有那時，我們才可指望神的恩惠持續。那些受了良好教訓、開端良好的人，當留意這一點──他們若恆久，便為有福；恆忍雖不能賺取冠冕，卻能戴上冠冕。
六、他囑咐他們堅定地歸向神和他們的本分（代上二十八8）。請注意，1. 這囑咐的內容：「你們當尋求耶和華─你們神的一切誡命，謹守遵行。」耶和華是他們的神；他的誡命必須作他們的準則；他們當敬重他的一切誡命，當以良心謹守，並且為此必須「尋求」──就是當殷勤查問自己的本分，查考聖經，徵詢意見，向那些嘴唇當存留知識的人求問律法，並且禱告求神指教引導。神的誡命若不格外留心，便不能遵守。2. 這囑咐的莊嚴。他在以色列眾人眼前──他們都將得知這公開的囑咐──囑咐他們，又在他們神的耳中。「神是見證，這會眾也是見證，他們已得了善言相勸和清楚的警告；他們若不聽從，便是他們的過錯，神和人都要作證反對他們。」參提前五21、提後四1。凡承認信仰的人，既看重神的恩寵和在人中的名聲，就當忠於他們的信仰告白。3. 守住這囑咐的動機。這是得福之路，可使自己平安擁有這美地，並將產業保存給子孫。
七、他以對所羅門本人的囑咐作結（代上二十八9、10）。他十分關心所羅門是否敬虔。他將成為偉大的人，但他不可認為信仰有失身分──他是個智慧人，這便是他的智慧。請注意，
一、他所給的囑咐。他當仰望神，仰望他父的神──他良善的父親曾將他獻給神，並為神而栽培他。他生在神的家中，所以有義務屬於他；他在神家中長大，所以有義務存感恩之心。「你自己的朋友、和你父親的朋友，不可離棄。」他當認識神並事奉他。我們若不認識神，便不能正確地事奉他；我們若不事奉他──用心靈和思想事奉他──認識他便徒然。我們若不將信仰放在心上，並用心去行，信仰便算不得甚麼。當以「完全的心」──就是正直的心（因真誠乃是我們福音中的完全）──事奉他，並以「樂意的靈」──出於愛的原則，並作甘心樂意的百姓，歡歡喜喜、滿有喜樂地事奉。
二、支撐這囑咐的理由。
（1）兩個普遍性的理由：[1] 我們靈魂的隱秘在神面前都是敞開的；他鑒察眾人的心，連君王的心也不例外──王的心在人看來深不可測（箴二十五3）。我們「所以」當真誠，因為我們若行詭詐，神看見了，不能被矇騙；我們「所以」當運用我們的心思，使之投入事奉神，因為他完全明白其中一切意念，無論善惡。[2] 我們今生和永世的禍福，全在乎我們是否事奉神。「我們若殷勤尋求他，他必使我們尋見」──這足以使我們有福（來十一6）。我們若離棄他，撇下他的事奉，轉離不跟從他，「他必永遠丟棄我們」──這足以使我們受禍。請注意，除非人先離棄神，否則神總不丟棄人。此處又有
（2）一個特別針對所羅門的理由（代上二十八10）：「你要為聖所建造殿宇；所以當尋求神、事奉神，使那工可以出於良好的原則，以正確的方式進行，並蒙悅納。」
三、為達此目的所定的方法，這方法也是為我們眾人定的。（1）謹慎：「你當謹慎」；防備一切看似罪惡、或導向罪惡的事物。（2）勇氣：「你當剛強去行。」我們若不立定心志，並從神的恩典中汲取力量，便不能照當行的去作我們的工。
英文原文
David's Charge to the People (1015 BC)
¹ And David assembled all the princes of Israel, the princes of the tribes, and the captains of the companies that ministered to the king by course, and the captains over the thousands, and captains over the hundreds, and the stewards over all the substance and possession of the king, and of his sons, with the officers, and with the mighty men, and with all the valiant men, unto Jerusalem.
² Then David the king stood up upon his feet, and said, Hear me, my brethren, and my people: As for me, I had in mine heart to build a house of rest for the ark of the covenant of the LORD, and for the footstool of our God, and had made ready for the building:
³ But God said unto me, Thou shalt not build a house for my name, because thou hast been a man of war, and hast shed blood.
⁴ Howbeit the LORD God of Israel chose me before all the house of my father to be king over Israel for ever: for he hath chosen Judah to be the ruler; and of the house of Judah, the house of my father; and among the sons of my father he liked me to make me king over all Israel:
⁵ And of all my sons, (for the LORD hath given me many sons,) he hath chosen Solomon my son to sit upon the throne of the kingdom of the LORD over Israel.
⁶ And he said unto me, Solomon thy son, he shall build my house and my courts: for I have chosen him to be my son, and I will be his father.
⁷ Moreover I will establish his kingdom for ever, if he be constant to do my commandments and my judgments, as at this day.
⁸ Now therefore in the sight of all Israel the congregation of the LORD, and in the audience of our God, keep and seek for all the commandments of the LORD your God: that ye may possess this good land, and leave it for an inheritance for your children after you for ever.
⁹ And thou, Solomon my son, know thou the God of thy father, and serve him with a perfect heart and with a willing mind: for the LORD searcheth all hearts, and understandeth all the imaginations of the thoughts: if thou seek him, he will be found of thee; but if thou forsake him, he will cast thee off for ever.
¹⁰ Take heed now; for the LORD hath chosen thee to build an house for the sanctuary: be strong, and do it.
A great deal of service David had done in his day, had served his generation according to the will of God, Ac 13:36. But now the time draws night that he must die, and, as a type of the Son of David, the nearer he comes to his end the more busy he is, and does his work with all his might. He is now a little recovered from the indisposition mentioned 1Ki 1:1, when they covered him with clothes, and he got no heat: but was cure is there for old age? He therefore improves his recovery, as giving him an opportunity of doing God and his country a little more service.
I. He summoned all the great men to attend him, that he might take leave of them all together, 1Ch 28:1. Thus Moses did (De 31:28), and Joshua, 1Ch 23:2,24:1. David would not declare the settlement of the crown but in the presence, and to the satisfaction, of those that were the representatives of the people.
II. He addressed them with a great deal of respect and tenderness. He not only exerted himself to rise from his bed, to give them the meeting (the occasion putting new spirits into him), but he rose out of his chair, and stood up upon his feet (1Ch 28:2), in reverence to God whose will he was to declare, and in reverence to this solemn assembly of the Israel of God, as if he looked upon himself, though major singulis—greater than any individual among them, yet minor universis—less than the whole of them together. His age and infirmities, as well as his dignity, might well have allowed him to keep his seat; but he would show that he was indeed humbled for the pride of his heart both in the numbers of his people and his dominion over them. It had been too much his pleasure that they were all his servants (1Ch 21:3), but now he calls them his brethren, whom he loved, his people, whom he took care of, not his servants, whom he had command of: Hear me, my brethren, and my people. It becomes superiors thus to speak with affection and condescension even to their inferiors; they will not be the less honoured for it, but the more beloved. Thus he engages their attention to what he was about to say.
III. He declared the purpose he had formed to build a temple for God, and God's disallowing that purpose, 1Ch 28:2,3. This he had signified to Solomon before, 1Ch 22:7,8. A house of rest for the ark is here said to be a house of rest for the footstool of our God; for heaven is his throne of glory; the earth, and the most magnificent temples that can be built upon it, are but his footstool: so much difference is there between the manifestations of the divine glory in the upper and lower world. Angels surround his throne, Isa 6:1. We poor worms do but worship at his footstool Ps 99:5,123:7. As an evidence of the sincerity of his purpose to build the temple, he tells them that he had made ready for it, but that God would not suffer him to proceed because he had appointed other work for him to do, which was enough for one man, namely, the managing of the wars of Israel. He must serve the public with the sword; another must do it with the line and plummet. Times of rest are building times, Ac 9:31.
IV. He produced his own title first, and then Solomon's, to the crown; both were undoubtedly jure divino—divine. They could make out such a title as no monarch on earth can; the Lord God of Israel chose them both immediately, by prophecy, not providence, 1Ch 28:4,5. No right of primogeniture is pretended. Detur digniori, non seniori—It went by worth, not by age. 1. Judah was not the eldest son of Jacob, yet God chose that tribe to be the ruling tribe; Jacob entailed the sceptre upon it, Ge 49:10. 2. It does not appear that the family of Jesse was the senior house of that tribe; from Judah it is certain that it was not, for Shelah was before Pharez; whether from Nahshon and Salmon is not certain. Ram, the father of Nahshon, had a elder brother, 1Ch 2:9. Perhaps so had Boaz, Obed, and Jesse. Yet "God chose the house of my father." 3. David was the youngest son of Jesse, yet God liked him to make him king; so it seemed good unto him. God takes whom he likes, and likes whom he makes like himself, as he did David, a man after his own heart. 4. Solomon was one of the youngest sons of David, and yet God chose him to sit upon the throne, because he was the likeliest of them all to build the temple, the wisest and best inclined.
V. He opened to them God's gracious purposes concerning Solomon (1Ch 28:6,7): I have chosen him to be my son. Thus he declares the decree, that the Lord had said to Solomon, as a type of Christ, Thou art my son (Ps 2:7), the son of my love; for he was called Jedidiah, because the Lord loved him, and Christ is his beloved Son. Of him God said, as a figure of him that was to come, 1. He shall build my house. Christ is both the founder and the foundation of the gospel temple. 2. I will establish his kingdom for ever. This must have its accomplishment in the kingdom of the Messiah, which shall continue in his hands through all the ages of time (Isa 9:7, Lu 1:33) and shall then be delivered up to God, even the Father, yet perhaps to be delivered back to the Redeemer for ever. As to Solomon, this promise of the establishment of his kingdom is here made conditional: If he be constant to do my commandments, as at this day. Solomon was now very towardly and good: "If he continue so, his kingdom shall continue, otherwise not." Note, If we be constant to our duty, then, and not otherwise, we may expect the continuance of God's favour. Let those that are well taught, and begin well, take notice of this—if they be constant, they are happy; perseverance wears the crown, though it wins it not.
VI. He charged them to adhere stedfastly to God and their duty, 1Ch 28:8. Observe, 1. The matter for this charge: Keep, and seek for all the commandments of the Lord your God. The Lord was their God; his commandments must be their rule; they must have respect to them all, must make conscience of keeping them, and, in order thereunto, must seek for them, that is, must be inquisitive concerning their duty, search the scriptures, take advice, seek the law at the mouth of those whose lips were to keep this knowledge, and pray to God to teach and direct them. God's commandments will not be kept without great care. 2. The solemnity of it. He charged them in the sight of all Israel, who would all have notice of this public charge, and in the audience of their God. "God is witness, and this congregation is witness, that they have good counsel given them, and fair warning; if they do not take it, it is their fault, and God and man will be witnesses against them." See 1Ti 5:21, 2Ti 4:1. Those that profess religion, as they tender the favour of God and their reputation with men, must be faithful to their profession. 3. The motive to observe this charge. It was the way to be happy, to have the peaceable possession of this good land themselves and to preserve the entail of it upon their children.
VII. He concluded with a charge to Solomon himself, 1Ch 28:9,10. He was much concerned that Solomon should be religious. He was to be a great man, but he must not think religion below him—a wise man, and this would be his wisdom. Observe,
1. The charge he gives him. He must look upon God and the God of his father, his good father, who had devoted him to God and educated him for God. He was born in God's house and therefore bound in duty to be his, brought up in his house and therefore bound in gratitude. Thy own friend, and thy father's friend, forsake not. He must know God and serve him. We cannot serve God aright if we do not know him; and in vain do we know him if we do not serve him, serve him with heart and mind. We make nothing of religion if we do not mind it, and make heart-work of it. Serve him with a perfect, that is, an upright heart (for sincerity is our gospel perfection), and with a willing mind, from a principle of love, and as a willing people, cheerfully and with pleasure.
2. The arguments to enforce this charge.
(1.) Two arguments of general inducement:— [1.] That the secrets of our souls are open before God; he searches all hearts, even the hearts of kings, which to men are unsearchable, Pr 25:3. We must therefore be sincere, because, if we deal deceitfully, God sees it, and cannot be imposed upon; we must therefore employ our thoughts, and engage them in God's service, because he fully understands all the imaginations of them, both good and bad. [2.] That we are happy or miserable here, and for ever, according as we do, or do not, serve God. If we seek him diligently, he will be found of us, and that is enough to make us happy, Heb 11:6. If we forsake him, desert his service and turn from following him, he will cast us off for ever, and that is enough to make us miserable. Note, God never casts any off till they have first cast him off. Here is,
(2.) One argument peculiar to Solomon (1Ch 28:10): "Thou art to build a house for the sanctuary; therefore seek and serve God, that that work may be done from a good principle, in a right manner, and may be accepted."
3. The means prescribed in order hereunto, and they are prescribed to us all. (1.) Caution: Take heed; beware of every thing that looks like, or leads to, that which is evil. (2.) Courage: Be strong, and do it. We cannot do our work as we should unless we put on resolution, and fetch in strength from divine grace.
11-21
David's Charge to Solomon (1015 BC)
大衛對所羅門的囑咐（主前 1015 年）
¹¹ 大衛將殿的走廊、房屋、府庫、樓房、內殿和施恩座之處的樣式，指示他兒子所羅門，* ¹² 又將他心中所得的靈感所示耶和華殿的院子和周圍一切房屋的樣式，就是神殿的府庫和聖物府庫的樣式，指示他；* ¹³ 又指示他祭司和利未人的班次，以及耶和華殿裡各樣事奉的工作，和耶和華殿裡一切事奉用的器皿。* ¹⁴ 他又指定各樣事奉所用的金器，按著分量給金子；銀器也按著分量，為各樣事奉的用途：* ¹⁵ 金燈臺和金燈的分量，每一個燈臺和其燈的分量；銀燈臺和其燈的分量，按著各燈臺的用途；* ¹⁶ 陳設餅的金桌子，每張桌子的分量；銀桌子也照樣按著分量；* ¹⁷ 又用純金作肉叉子、盤子和杯；金碗按著分量，每一個碗的分量；銀碗也照樣按著每一個的分量；* ¹⁸ 又為香壇指定精金若干，並為基路伯的車輛的樣式指定金子；基路伯展開翅膀，遮蓋耶和華的約櫃。* ¹⁹ 大衛說：「這一切工作的樣式，都是耶和華用手劃出來使我明白的。」* ²⁰ 大衛又對他兒子所羅門說：「你當剛強壯膽去行；不要懼怕，也不要驚惶；因為耶和華神，就是我的神，與你同在；他必不撇下你，也不丟棄你，直到耶和華殿的工作都完畢了。* ²¹ 看哪，祭司和利未人的班次，凡在神殿裡事奉的，都要與你同在各樣事奉上；又有各樣巧工的、甘心樂意的，為各樣事奉與你同在；並且眾首領和眾百姓，全都聽你的命令。」*
論到大衛囑咐他兒子尋求神、事奉神的那項總囑咐，律法書乃是其中惟一的準則，此外並不需要別的；但在建造聖殿這事上，大衛如今要給他三樣東西：
1. 建築的模型，因為這所要建造的殿，既非他也非他的建築師所曾見過。摩西在山上得了所示之帳幕的樣式（來八5）；照樣，大衛也藉著神親手臨到他而得了聖殿的樣式，代上二十八19。這樣式是「用手劃出來」（原文）賜給他的，可能是藉著天使的服事，或是在他心中清楚而準確地呈現出來，如同寫在文字上一樣。但經上說（代上二十八12），他是「被靈感動」而得這樣式的。在這樣性質的大事上，大衛的敬虔或所羅門的智慧所定的計謀都不可信靠。聖殿必須是聖物，是基督的預表；其中不僅要有便利和端莊，更要有意義：它如同一種聖禮，因此不可交由人的技藝或發明來設計，而必須照著神的定規來建造。基督這真正的聖殿、教會這福音的聖殿、以及天堂這永遠的聖殿，都是照著神永遠的旨意而造，其藍圖立定在神的智慧之中，在創世之前就已定規，為著神的榮耀和我們的益處。這樣式大衛交給所羅門，使他曉得當預備甚麼，並可循著確定的規則而行。當基督將建造他福音教會的託付交給門徒之時，他也賜給他們一個準確的模型，吩咐他們惟獨遵行他所命令的。此處提到各部分的細則：走廊，比其餘部分都高，如同塔樓——其次是房屋，就是聖所和至聖所，以及相連的各房間，用作府庫、倉房和內室——尤其是「施恩座之處」（代上二十八11）——還有院子和圍繞院子的房屋，其中存放著分別為聖之物。帕特里克主教認為，在其他物件之中，摩西所立之帳幕和其中一切器具（如今不再需要）也存放於此，這預表在時候滿足之時，摩西的整個體制，即那舊約時代的一切禮儀和規條，都要恭敬地被擱置一旁，而有更美之物取而代之。他又將祭司班次的安排、事奉器皿的樣式（代上二十八13），以及基路伯之車輛的樣式交給他，代上二十八18。除了施恩座之上的兩個基路伯之外，還有兩個大得多的基路伯，其翅膀從牆延伸到牆（王上六23-28）；此處大衛交給所羅門的，就是這兩個的樣式，被稱為「車輛」；因為天使乃是神的車輛（詩六十八17）。
2. 聖殿中最昂貴器皿的材料。為使所造的不會小於樣式，他為每一個器皿都稱出金銀的精確分量，代上二十八14。帳幕中只有一個金燈臺；聖殿中卻有十個（王上七49），此外還有銀的燈臺，據推測是手持的燈臺，代上二十八15。帳幕中只有一張桌子；聖殿中除了擺陳設餅的那張以外，還有十張為別的用途而設（代下四8），更有銀的桌子；因為這殿比帳幕大得多，若沒有相稱的陳設，就會顯得空虛。香壇所用的金，特別被稱為「精金」（代上二十八18），比其餘的更純；因為那是預表基督的代求，沒有甚麼比這更純全、更完美。
3. 指示他當向何處尋求幫助來完成這項大業。「不要懼怕反對；不要懼怕其中的費用、掛慮和勞苦；不要懼怕在這事上遭遇不測，如同烏撒的事件；不要懼怕愚妄建造者的譏笑——就是那開了工卻不能完工的。也不要驚惶。（1）神必幫助你，你當首先仰望他（代上二十八20）：『耶和華神，就是我的神』——我所揀選所事奉的，他一路與我同在、使我亨通，我也憑自己對他大能和良善的親身經歷，將你推薦給他——『他必與你同在』，指引你、堅固你、使你亨通；『他必不撇下你，也不丟棄你。』」當注意：我們可以確信，那位曾悅納我們的列祖、帶領他們度過當日之事奉的神，必照樣在我們的日子與我們同行，只要我們對他忠心；只要他在我們身上或藉我們還有當作的工，他就必永不離開我們。給約書亞的鼓勵（書一5），給所羅門的鼓勵，也照樣賜給一切信徒（來十三5）：「我總不撇下你，也不丟棄你。」神從不離棄任何人，除非人先離棄他。（2）「敬虔的人必幫助你，代上二十八21。祭司和利未人必進言，你可與他們商議。你有良善的匠人，既甘心又有技巧」——這兩樣是匠人、尤其是聖殿匠人極好的品質。最後，「眾首領和眾百姓不但不會反對或阻礙這工程，反而全然聽你的命令，各人在自己的崗位上預備推進它。」當一切有關的人都真心投入，沒有人暗中阻撓，大家都齊心努力之時，善工就必進行順利。
英文原文
David's Charge to Solomon (1015 BC)
¹¹ Then David gave to Solomon his son the pattern of the porch, and of the houses thereof, and of the treasuries thereof, and of the upper chambers thereof, and of the inner parlours thereof, and of the place of the mercy seat,
¹² And the pattern of all that he had by the spirit, of the courts of the house of the LORD, and of all the chambers round about, of the treasuries of the house of God, and of the treasuries of the dedicated things:
¹³ Also for the courses of the priests and the Levites, and for all the work of the service of the house of the LORD, and for all the vessels of service in the house of the LORD.
¹⁴ He gave of gold by weight for things of gold, for all instruments of all manner of service; silver also for all instruments of silver by weight, for all instruments of every kind of service:
¹⁵ Even the weight for the candlesticks of gold, and for their lamps of gold, by weight for every candlestick, and for the lamps thereof: and for the candlesticks of silver by weight, both for the candlestick, and also for the lamps thereof, according to the use of every candlestick.
¹⁶ And by weight he gave gold for the tables of showbread, for every table; and likewise silver for the tables of silver:
¹⁷ Also pure gold for the fleshhooks, and the bowls, and the cups: and for the golden basons he gave gold by weight for every bason; and likewise silver by weight for every bason of silver:
¹⁸ And for the altar of incense refined gold by weight; and gold for the pattern of the chariot of the cherubims, that spread out their wings, and covered the ark of the covenant of the LORD.
¹⁹ All this, said David, the LORD made me understand in writing by his hand upon me, even all the works of this pattern.
²⁰ And David said to Solomon his son, Be strong and of good courage, and do it: fear not, nor be dismayed: for the LORD God, even my God, will be with thee; he will not fail thee, nor forsake thee, until thou hast finished all the work for the service of the house of the LORD.
²¹ And, behold, the courses of the priests and the Levites, even they shall be with thee for all the service of the house of God: and there shall be with thee for all manner of workmanship every willing skilful man, for any manner of service: also the princes and all the people will be wholly at thy commandment.
As for the general charge that David gave his son to seek God and serve him, the book of the law was, in that, his only rule, and there needed no other; but, in building the temple, David was now to give him three things:—1. A model of the building, because it was to be such a building as neither he nor his architects ever saw. Moses had a pattern of the tabernacle shown him in the mount (Heb 8:5), so had David of the temple, by the immediate hand of God upon him, 1Ch 28:19. It was given him in writing, probably by the ministry of an angel, or as clearly and exactly represented to his mind as if it had been in writing. But it is said (1Ch 28:12), He had this pattern by the Spirit. The contrivance either of David's devotion or of Solomon's wisdom must not be trusted to in an affair of this nature. The temple must be a sacred thing and a type of Christ; there must be in it not only convenience and decency, but significancy: it was a kind of sacrament, and therefore it must not be left to man's art or invention to contrive it, but must be framed by divine institution. Christ the true temple, the church the gospel temple, and heaven the everlasting temple, are all framed according to the divine councils, and the plan laid in the divine wisdom, ordained before the world for God's glory and ours. This pattern David gave to Solomon, that he might know what to provide and might go by a certain rule. When Christ left with his disciples a charge to build his gospel church he gave them an exact model of it, ordering them to observe that, and that only, which he commanded. The particular models are here mentioned, of the porch, which was higher than the rest, like a steeple,—then the houses, both the holy place and the most holy, with the rooms adjoining, which were for treasuries, chambers, and parlours,—especially the place of the mercy-seat (1Ch 28:11),—of the courts likewise, and the chambers about them, in which the dedicated things were laid up. Bishop Patrick supposes that, among other things, the tabernacle which Moses reared and all the utensils of it, which there was now no further occasion for, were laid up here, signifying that in the fulness of time all the Mosaic economy, all the rites and ceremonies of that dispensation, should be respectfully laid aside, and something better come in their room. He gave him a table of the courses of the priests, patterns of the vessels of service (1Ch 28:13), and a pattern of the chariot of the cherubim, 1Ch 28:18. Besides the two cherubim over the mercy-seat, there were two much larger, whose wings reached from wall to wall (1Ki 6:23-28, etc.), and of these David here gave Solomon the pattern, called a chariot; for the angels are the chariots of God, Ps 68:17. 2. Materials for the most costly of the utensils of the temple. That they might not be made any less than the patterns, he weighed out the exact quantity for each vessel both of gold and silver, 1Ch 28:14. In the tabernacle there was but one golden candlestick; in the temple there were ten (1Ki 7:49), besides silver ones, which, it is supposed, were hand-candlesticks, 1Ch 28:15. In the tabernacle there was but one table; but in the temple, besides that on which the show-bread was set, there were ten others for other uses (2Ch 4:8), besides silver tables; for, this house being much larger than that, it would look bare if it had not furniture proportionable. The gold for the altar of incense is particularly said to be refined gold (1Ch 28:18), purer than any of the rest; for that was typical of the intercession of Christ, than which nothing is more pure and perfect. 3. Directions which way to look for help in this great undertaking. "Fear not opposition; fear not the charge, care, and trouble; fear not miscarrying in it, as in the case of Uzza; fear not the reproach of the foolish builder, that began to build and was not able to finish. Be not dismayed. (1.) God will help thee, and thou must look up to him in the first place (1Ch 28:20): The Lord God, even my God, whom I have chosen and served, who has all along been present with me and prospered me, and to whom, from my own experience of his power and goodness, I recommend thee, he will be with thee, to direct, strengthen, and prosper thee; he will not fail thee nor forsake thee." Note, We may be sure that God, who owned our fathers and carried them through the services of their day, will, in like manner, if we be faithful to him, go along with us in our day, and will never leave us, while he has any work to do in us or by us. The same that was Joshua's encouragement (Jos 1:5), and Solomon's, is given to all believers, Heb 13:5. He will never leave thee, nor forsake thee. God never leaves any unless they first leave him. (2.) "Good men will help thee, 1Ch 28:21. The priests and Levites will advise thee, and thou mayest consult them. Thou hast good workmen, who are both willing and skilful;" and these are two very good properties in a workman, especially in those that work at the temple. And, lastly, "The princes and the people will be so far from opposing or retarding the work that they will be wholly at thy command, every one in his place ready to further it." Then good work is likely to go on when all parties concerned are hearty in it, and none secretly clog it, but all drive on heartily in it.
在列王紀上卷開頭我們所讀到關於大衛離世的記述，並不如本章及下一章所記的那樣使他如日中天；本章及下一章記述了他對兒子和臣民所作的莊嚴告別，我們必須承認他的結局是美好的。本章我們讀到：一、召集全國大會的召開（代上二十八1）。二、莊嚴宣告神對所羅門在王位和建造聖殿之尊榮上的雙重指定（代上二十八2–7）。三、對百姓和所羅門的勸勉，要以敬虔為他們的本業（代上二十八8–10）。四、交付給所羅門建造聖殿的樣式和材料（代上二十八11–19）。五、給他的鼓勵，要他承擔並繼續這工作（代上二十八20–21）。