1
Exodus 24:1
英文原文
Are placed by some with great probability between Exodus 24:8-9.
4
Exodus 24:4
「十二根柱子」（Twelve pillars）——祭壇是耶和華臨在的象徵，同樣，這十二根柱子代表與祂立約的十二支派的臨在。
英文原文
Twelve pillars - As the altar was a symbol of the presence of Yahweh, so these twelve pillars represented the presence of the Twelve tribes with whom He was making the covenant.
5
Exodus 24:5
「以色列的少年人」（Young men）——見出十九22；出二十八1；利一5。
「燔祭……平安祭」——燔祭（利一）表明這國家對耶和華的奉獻，平安祭（利三）則表明他們與耶和華並彼此之間的相交。
英文原文
Young men of the children of Israel - See Exodus 19:22; Exodus 28:1; Leviticus 1:5.
Burnt offerings ... peace offerings - The burnt offerings Leviticus 1 figured the dedication of the nation to Yahweh, and the peace offerings Leviticus 3 their communion with Yahweh and with each other.
6
Exodus 24:6
「灑」（He sprinkled）——更恰當地作「拋」。見利一5。
英文原文
He sprinkled - Rather, he cast. See Leviticus 1:5.
7
Exodus 24:7
「約書」（The book of the covenant）——見出二十22註。百姓必須在血灑在他們身上之前，再次對約書表示同意。參王下二十三2、二十三21；代下三十四30。
英文原文
The book of the covenant - See Exodus 20:22 note. The people had to repeat their assent to the book of the covenant before the blood was thrown upon them. Compare 2 Kings 23:2, 2 Kings 23:21; 2 Chronicles 34:30.
8
Exodus 24:8
印證聖約的血，是燔祭與平安祭的血。贖罪祭（利四）尚未設立。那使贖罪祭具有意義的、對人性更複雜的看法，仍有待如今才剛受批准的律法來發展。因此，耶和華與祂百姓之間的聖約，先於那使罪顯明的律法的運作（羅三20）。
「灑在百姓身上」（Upon the people）——或是灑在長老和站在前列的人身上；或是灑在代表十二支派的十二根柱子上，因為前一半已經灑在見證耶和華臨在的祭壇上。血如此分灑於立約的雙方，象徵主與祂百姓之間聖禮性的聯合。參詩五十5；亞九11。
英文原文
The blood which sealed the covenant was the blood of burnt offerings and peace offerings. The sin-offering Leviticus 4 had not yet been instituted. That more complicated view of human nature which gave to the sin-offering its meaning, had yet to be developed by the law, which was now only receiving its ratification. The covenant between Yahweh and His people therefore took precedence of the operation of the law, by which came the knowledge of sin. Romans 3:20.
Upon the people - Either upon the elders or those who stood foremost; or, upon the twelve pillars representing the Twelve tribes, as the first half had been cast upon the altar, which witnessed to the presence of Yahweh. The blood thus divided between the two parties to the covenant signified the sacramental union between the Lord and His people. Cf. Psalm 50:5; Zechariah 9:11.
9
Exodus 24:9
看來，摩西、亞倫和他的兩個兒子，以及七十位長老（Ex 19:7）上山走了一小段路，吃那立約的筵席（參 Ge 31:43–47），那筵席必然是由平安祭的肉組成（Ex 24:5）。約書亞作為僕人陪著摩西（Ex 24:13）。
英文原文
It would appear that Moses, Aaron with his two sons, and seventy of the elders Exodus 19:7 went a short distance up the mountain to eat the meal of the covenant (compare Genesis 31:43-47), which must have consisted of the flesh of the peace offerings Exodus 24:5. Joshua accompanied Moses as his servant Exodus 24:13.
10
Exodus 24:10
「他們看見以色列的神」——當他們吃這祭筵時，耶和華的同在特別清晰地向他們彰顯。在莊嚴敬拜的舉動中，他們覺察到祂與他們同在，作他們的主、他們的拯救者。對這啟示的方式妄加揣測是無益的。聖經明說：並沒有任何可見的形狀呈現在他們肉眼之前（De 4:12；見 Ex 33:20；參 Isa 6:1）。本節後半可讀作：「在祂腳下，彷彿有鋪平的藍寶石之工，好像天色明淨一般。」關於藍寶石，見 Ex 28:18；參 Eze 1:26。他們頭上純藍的天空，也有助於使內在的知覺領會那必朽之肉眼所不能觀看的異象。
英文原文
And they saw the God of Israel - As they ate the sacrificial feast, the presence of Yahweh was manifested to them with special distinctness. In the act of solemn worship, they perceived that He was present with them, as their Lord and their Deliverer. It is idle to speculate on the mode of this revelation. That no visible form was presented to their bodily eyes, we are expressly informed, Deuteronomy 4:12; see Exodus 33:20; compare Isaiah 6:1. The latter part of this verse may be read: "under His feet, it was like a work of bright sapphire stone, and like the heaven itself in clearness." On the sapphire, see Exodus 28:18; compare Ezekiel 1:26. The pure blue of the heaven above them lent its influence to help the inner sense to realize the vision which no mortal eye could behold.
11
Exodus 24:11
「不下手」（He laid not his hand）——即祂沒有擊殺他們。人相信凡人不能在見神之後存活（Ex 33:20；Ge 32:30；Jdg 6:22；Jdg 13:22）：但這些以色列的長老卻獲准在格外深切地享受神同在之感時吃喝，並未受害。
英文原文
He laid not his hand - i. e. He did not strike them. It was believed that a mortal could not survive the sight of God Exodus 33:20; Genesis 32:30; Judges 6:22; Judges 13:22 : but these rulers of Israel were permitted to eat and drink, while they were enjoying in an extraordinary degree the sense of the divine presence, and received no harm.
12
Exodus 24:12
許多猶太人把「石版」理解為十誡，把「律法」理解為寫在五經中的律法，把「誡命」（或作「那誡命」）理解為口傳或傳統的律法——這律法在後來的世代被寫成《密西拿》（Mishna）與《革馬拉》（Gemara）。但更可能的是：此處所說的單單是十誡，其含義是「連同律法、就是誡命的石版」。
英文原文
Many Jews understand the "tables of stone" to denote the Ten Commandments; "a law," the law written in the Pentateuch; and the "commandments" (or "the commandment"), the oral or traditional law which was in after ages put into writing in the Mishna and the Gemara. But it is more probable that the Ten Commandments alone are spoken of, and that the meaning is, "the tables of stone with the law, even the commandment."
18
Exodus 24:18
在這四十天，以及重造法版的第二段時期，摩西沒有吃餅，也沒有喝水。比較旁註參考經文。同樣，以利亞到訪同一地點時，也禁食了四十天（1 Kings 19:8）。在變像山上迎接我們救主的兩個人（Matthew 17:3）——一個代表律法，一個代表眾先知——就這樣以自身的經歷，預表了猶大曠野中的四十天禁食。
英文原文
During this period of forty days, and the second period when the tables were renewed, Moses neither ate bread nor drank water. Compare marginal references. In like manner, Elijah fasted for forty days, when he visited the same spot 1 Kings 19:8. The two who met our Saviour on the Mount of Transfiguration Matthew 17:3, the one representing the law, the other representing the Prophets, thus shadowed forth in their own experience the Fast of Forty days in the wilderness of Judaea.
有學者極有可能將其置於出二十四8–9之間。