1
Exodus 30:1
英文原文
Exodus 37:25-28; Exodus 40:26-27. The altar of incense was to be a casing of boards of shittim wood Exodus 25:5, Exodus 25:18 inches square and three feet in height (taking the cubit as 18 inches), entirely covered with plates of gold. Four "horns" were to project upward at the corners like those of the altar of burnt-offering Exodus 27:2. A crown or moulding of gold was to run round the top. On each of two opposite sides there was to be a gold ring through which the staves were to be put when it was moved from place to place.
4
Exodus 30:4
「在壇的兩角旁邊」（By the two corners thereof）——不是「角」。見旁註。其含義似乎是：你要在壇的牙邊之下做兩個金環，安在壇的兩側（即每側一環）。
英文原文
By the two corners thereof - Not corners. See the margin. The sense appears to be: And two gold rings shalt thou make for it under its moulding; on its two sides shalt thou make them (i. e. one ring on each side).
6
Exodus 30:6
香壇的位置在幔子外，與約櫃相對，介於南邊的燈臺與北邊的陳設餅桌之間（出四十22–24）。它似乎被視為與至聖所有著比聖所其他物件更密切的關連；而本節提到施恩座，若我們聯想到香作為表徵主百姓之禱告的意義（詩一四一2；啟五8；啟八3–4），便似乎為一個推論提供了進一步的根據：香壇在陳設餅桌與燈臺之上居先。
英文原文
The place for the altar of incense was outside the veil, opposite to the ark of the covenant and between the candlestick on the south side and the showbread table on the north Exodus 40:22-24. It appears to have been regarded as having a more intimate connection with the holy of holies than the other things in the holy place; and the mention of the mercy-seat in this verse, if we associate with it the significance of incense as figuring the prayers of the Lord's people Psalm 141:2; Revelation 5:8; Revelation 8:3-4, seems to furnish additional pound for an inference that the incense altar took precedence of the table of showbread and the candlestick.
7
Exodus 30:7
「燈」（The lamps）——見出二十五37。
出埃及記三十章7–8節
獻香與早晚獻祭同時進行。這兩種獻祭，象徵人的靈在行為與言語上追求與耶和華相交。見詩一四一2。
英文原文
The lamps - See Exodus 25:37.
Exodus 30:7-8
The offering of the incense accompanied that of the morning and evening sacrifice. The two forms of offering symbolized the spirit of man reaching after communion with Yahweh, both in act and utterance. See Psalm 141:2.
9
Exodus 30:9
藉著這規定，香壇的象徵意義便免於含糊。贖罪是藉著外院銅祭壇上的祭牲成就的；蒙和好的敬拜者之禱告，則在帳幕之內有其預表。
英文原文
By this regulation, the symbolism of the altar of incense was kept free from ambiguity. atonement was made by means of the victim on the brazen altar in the court ontside; the prayers of the reconciled worshippers had their type within the tabernacle.
10
Exodus 30:10
見旁註。
英文原文
See the marginal references.
11
Exodus 30:11
「贖命之價」（The Ransom of Souls）——Ex 38:25–28。把這些話與 Nu 1:1–3 的話相比，我們或可推斷：前一段指的是收取每人銀錢時、對成年以色列人單純的點數，而後一段所吩咐的，是按他們的家譜與兵役次序所作的正式登記。
「為他的生命贖命」——真誠的敬拜者這樣所獻的，既是他在那位已救贖他、領他進入聖約的耶和華之恩慈中信心的果子，也是其憑據。因此，這奉獻被稱為贖價是恰當的，因為它涉及對其蒙救贖這事實的個人取用。關於「生命（soul）」一詞，見 Le 17:11。
「免得有災殃」——即免得他們因疏忽並輕看屬靈的特權而招致刑罰。參 Ex 28:35；1Co 11:27–30；以及我們聖餐禮文中的勸勉。
英文原文
The Ransom of Souls. - Exodus 38:25-28. On comparing these words with those of Numbers 1:1-3, we may perhaps infer that the first passage relates to a mere counting of the adult Israelites at the time when the money was taken from each, and that what the latter passage enjoins was a formal enrolment of them according to their genealogies and their order of military service.
A ransom for his soul - What the sincere worshipper thus paid was at once the fruit and the sign of his faith in the goodness of Yahweh, who had redeemed him and brought him into the covenant. Hence, the payment is rightly called a ransom inasmuch as it involved a personal appropriation of the fact of his redemption. On the word soul, see Leviticus 17:11.
That there be no plague - i. e. that they might not incur punishment for the neglect and contempt of spiritual privileges. Compare Exodus 28:35; 1 Corinthians 11:27-30; and the exhortation in our communion Service.
13
Exodus 30:13
半舍客勒——半舍客勒所含銀子的重量，按今日價值約值一先令三便士半（比較 Genesis 23:16；見 Exodus 38:24 註釋）。「季拉」字面意思是豆，很可能是角豆樹的豆莢。它被用作微小重量的名稱，正如英語 grain 一詞源自一粒麥子而被使用一樣。
英文原文
Half a shekel - The probable weight of silver in the half-shekel would now be worth about 1 shilling, 3 1/2d. (Compare Genesis 23:16. See Exodus 38:24 note.) Gerah is, literally, a bean, probably the bean of the carob or locust-tree. It was used as the name of a small weight, as our word grain came into use from a grain of wheat.
15
Exodus 30:15
每一個以色列人與耶和華所立的關係完全相同。見 Exodus 30:11-12。
英文原文
Every Israelite stood in one and the same relation to Yahweh. See Exodus 30:11-12.
16
Exodus 30:16
會幕——即相會之幕，在此處及 Exodus 30:18, Exodus 30:20 皆然。
給以色列人作紀念——會幕所用的銀子是一件紀念物，提醒每一個人：他是立約之民中的一員，在主面前自有其地位。
英文原文
tabernacle of the congregation - tent of meeting, here and in Exodus 30:18, Exodus 30:20,
A memorial unto the children of Israel - The silver used in the tabernacle was a memorial to remind each man of his position before the Lord, as one of the covenanted people.
17
Exodus 30:17
Exodus 38:8——「銅洗濯盆」和盆座所用的銅，來自婦人們自願交出的銅鏡——她們放棄了這些奢侈品。古埃及人大量使用銅鏡。關於洗濯盆的形制，經文沒有任何提示。所羅門聖殿中作同樣用途的銅海和十個盆，則以藝術花樣精工打造，並有細緻的描述（1 Kings 7:23-29）。
英文原文
Exodus 38:8. The bronze for the "Laver of brass" and its foot was supplied from the bronze mirrors of the women who voluntarily gave up these articles of luxury. Bronze mirrors were much used by the ancient Egyptians. No hint is given as to the form of the laver. The brazen sea and the ten lavers that served the same purpose in the temple of Solomon, were elaborately worked in artistic designs and are minutely described 1 Kings 7:23-29.
19
Exodus 30:19
洗手洗腳——在某些莊嚴的場合，祭司須洗浴全身（Exodus 29:4; Leviticus 16:4）。洗濯盆想必也為洗淨祭牲需受潔淨的部位供應用水（Leviticus 1:9）。
英文原文
Wash their hands and their feet - On certain solemn occasions he was required to bathe his whole person Exodus 29:4; Leviticus 16:4. The laver must also have furnished the water for washing those parts of the victims that needed cleansing Leviticus 1:9.
20
Exodus 30:20
免得他們死亡——見 Exodus 28:35 註釋。
英文原文
That they die not - See Exodus 28:35 note.
22
Exodus 30:22
比較 Exodus 37:29。
英文原文
Compare Exodus 37:29.
23
Exodus 30:23
上等的香料——即最好的香料。
沒藥——是一種樹膠，採自一種生長於阿拉伯福地和東非的低矮多刺粗樹；植物學家稱之為 Balsamodendron myrrha。此處譯作「上好」的字，直譯是「自由流淌的」；這形容詞可由以下事實解釋：最好的沒藥據說從樹皮自然滲出，而次等的則靠割開樹皮大量流出。
五百舍客勒——大概略多於15¼磅。見 Exodus 38:24。
肉桂——取自一種與月桂相近、生長於錫蘭（斯里蘭卡）及印度洋其他島嶼的樹，植物學上稱為 Cinnamomum zeylanicum；它是樹的內皮經日曬乾而成。很早的時代，俄斐人便從印度輸入肉桂，往來埃及與敘利亞的商隊又把它連同其他香料從阿拉伯南部運來。出埃及記提及這些香料，可視為我們所有與遠東貿易相關的最早記載。
二百五十舍客勒——約7磅14盎司。
香菖蒲——這種芬芳的葦草（或燈心草）大概是今日印度所稱的檸檬草（lemon grass）。
英文原文
Principal spices - i. e. the best spices.
Pure myrrh - Is a gum which comes from the stem of a low, thorny, ragged tree, that grows in Arabia Felix and Eastern Africa, called by botanists Balsamodendron myrrha. The word here rendered pure, is literally, "freely flowing", an epithet which is explained by the fact that the best myrrh is said to exude spontaneously from the bark, while that of inferior quality oozes out in greater quantity from incisions made in the bark.
Five hundred shekels - Probably rather more than 15 1/4 lbs. See Exodus 38:24.
Cinnamon - is obtained from a tree allied to the laurel that grows in Ceylon (Sri Lanka) and other islands of the Indian Ocean, known in Botany as the Cinnamomum zeylanicum. It is the inner rind of the tree dried in the sun. It was imported from India in very early times by the people of Ophir, and brought with other spices from the south part of Arabia by the trading caravans that visited Egypt and Syria. The mention of these spices in Exodus may be taken as the earliest notice we have connected with commerce with the remote East.
Two hundred and fifty shekels - about 7 lbs. 14 oz.
Sweet calamus - The fragrant cane (or rush) was probably what is now known in India as the Lemon Grass.
24
Exodus 30:24
桂皮——是一種印度樹木（Cinnamomum cassia）的內皮；這樹與產肉桂的樹在葉形及其他若干細節上不同。古時它大概也像今日一樣遠比肉桂便宜，或許正因如此，它的用量是肉桂的兩倍。
一欣——約合六品脫。見 Leviticus 19:36。
英文原文
Cassia - is the inner bark of an Indian tree (Cinnamomum cassia), which differs from that which produces cinnamon in the shape of its leaves and some other particulars. It was probably in ancient times, as it is at present, by far less costly than cinnamon, and it may have been on this account that it was used in double quantity.
An hin - Probably about six pints. See Leviticus 19:36.
25
Exodus 30:25
聖膏之油——更宜作「分別為聖的膏油」。
按做香之法調和——照猶太傳統，香料的精質先被提取，然後與油混合。製作膏油與製香一樣，都交託給比撒列（Exodus 37:29）；保存膏油的職責則交給亞倫的兒子以利亞撒（Numbers 4:16）。到了後來，膏油由祭司的子孫製作（1 Chronicles 9:30）。
英文原文
An oil of holy ointment - Rather, a holy anointing oil.
After the art of the apothecary - According to Jewish tradition, the essences of the spices were first extracted, and then mixed with the oil. The preparation of the anointing oil, as well as of the incense, was entrusted to Bezaleel Exodus 37:29, and the care of preserving it to Eleazar, the son of Aaron Numbers 4:16. In a later age, it was prepared by the sons of the priests 1 Chronicles 9:30.
32
Exodus 30:32
在人的肉體上——即在非祭司之人的身上；他們或可在節慶場合照常例施行膏抹時使用（Psalm 104:15; Proverbs 27:9; Matthew 6:17 等）。
英文原文
Upon man's flesh - i. e. on the persons of those who were not priests who might employ it for such anointing as was usual on festive occasions (Psalm 104:15; Proverbs 27:9; Matthew 6:17, etc.).
33
Exodus 30:33
外人——見 Exodus 29:33。
要從民中剪除——見 Exodus 31:14。
英文原文
A stranger - See Exodus 29:33.
Cut off from his people - See Exodus 31:14.
34
Exodus 30:34
Exodus 37:29。這香與膏油一樣，由四種芳香配料製成。
拿他弗（stacte）——據信或是敘利亞及鄰國所產安息香樹（Styrax officinale）的樹脂，或是稱為安息香脂（Benzoin，即 Gum Benjamin）的樹脂——後者是今日教會和清真寺所用香中的重要成分，產自生長於爪哇和蘇門答臘的另一種安息香樹（Styrax benzoin）。
施喜列拿（onycha）——大概是用紅海盛產的法螺（strombus）或翼貝的螺蓋製成的香料。
喜利比拿（galbanum）——一種黃褐色的樹脂，或呈顆粒狀，或成塊狀；由印度、波斯和非洲輸入，但其源出植物尚不能確知。
淨乳香——這是最重要的芳香樹脂。與沒藥一樣，乳香本身即被視為珍貴的香料（Sol 3:6; Matthew 2:11），並在律法的某些禮儀中不與他物摻雜、單獨使用。產乳香的樹不見於阿拉伯，極可能如肉桂、桂皮、菖蒲一樣（見 Exodus 30:23），由示巴人從印度運來。這樹今稱 Boswellia serrata 或 B. thurifera，盛產於印度高地。商業上的「乳香」則是另一種物質，即雲杉和其他幾種冷杉的樹脂。
英文原文
Exodus 37:29. The incense, like the anointing oil, consisted of four aromatic ingredients.
Stacte - supposed to be either the gum of the Storax tree (Styrax officinale) found in Syria and the neighboring countries, or the gum known as Benzoin, or Gum Benjamin, which is an important ingredient in the incense now used in churches and mosques, and is the produce of another storax tree (Styrax benzoin) that grows in Java and Sumatra.
Onycha - , a perfume perhaps made from the cap of the strombus, or wing-shell, which abounds in the Red Sea.
Galbanum - , a gum of a yellowish brown color, in the form of either grains or masses. It is imported from India, Persia, and Africa; but the plant from which it comes is not yet certainly known.
Pure frankincense - This was the most important of the aromatic gums. Like myrrh, it was regarded by itself as a precious perfume Sol 3:6; Matthew 2:11, and it was used unmixed with other substances in some of the rites of the law. The tree from which it is obtained is not found in Arabia, and it was most likely imported from India by the Sabaeans, like Cinnamon, Cassia, and Calamus (see Exodus 30:23). The tree is now known as the Boswellia serrata, or B. thurifera, and grows abundantly in the highlands of India. The frankincense of commerce is a different substance, the resin of the spruce and of some other kinds of fir.
35
Exodus 30:35
見 Exodus 30:25。
調和均勻——四種物料大概先被搗碎、徹底混和，再熔合為一塊。正文的譯法優於旁註的譯法。
英文原文
See Exodus 30:25.
Tempered together - The four substances were perhaps pounded and thoroughly mixed together, and then fused into a mass. This rendering is to be preferred to that in the margin.
36
Exodus 30:36
見 Exodus 30:6。
英文原文
See Exodus 30:6.
37
Exodus 30:37
比較 Exodus 30:32-33。
英文原文
Compare Exodus 30:32-33.
出三十七25–28；四十26–27。香壇是一個用皂莢木（出二十五5）板造成的匣狀結構，長寬各十八英寸、高三英尺（以一肘為十八英寸計），外面全包精金。四角有四個「角」向上突出，如燔祭壇的角一樣（出二十七2）。壇的頂部四周有一道金牙邊（冠狀飾邊）。在相對的兩側各有一個金環，搬移時便把槓穿在環內。