1
Nu 33:1-15.
英文原文
Nu 33:1-15.
TWO AND FORTY JOURNEYS OF THE ISRAELITES--FROM EGYPT TO SINAI.
1. These are the journeys of the children of Israel--This chapter may be said to form the winding up of the history of the travels of the Israelites through the wilderness; for the three following chapters relate to matters connected with the occupation and division of the promised land. As several apparent discrepancies will be discovered on comparing the records here given of the journeyings from Sinai with the detailed accounts of the events narrated in the Book of Exodus and the occasional notices of places that are found in that of Deuteronomy, it is probable that this itinerary comprises a list of only the most important stations in their journeys--those where they formed prolonged encampments, and whence they dispersed their flocks and herds to pasture on the adjacent plains till the surrounding herbage was exhausted. The catalogue extends from their departure out of Egypt to their arrival on the plains of Moab.
went forth . . . with their armies--that is, a vast multitude marshalled in separate companies, but regular order.
2
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2. 摩西遵着耶和華的吩咐，記載他們所行的路程——這道神聖命令的智慧，從其所服事的目的之重要便可看出——一則為確立這段歷史的真實性，二則為存留神為以色列施奇妙拯救的記念，三則為在他們將要面對攻取迦南這艱難事業的前景中，堅固他們的信心。
英文原文
2. Moses wrote their goings out according to their journeys by the commandment of the Lord--The wisdom of this divine order is seen in the importance of the end to which it was subservient--namely, partly to establish the truth of the history, partly to preserve a memorial of God's marvellous interpositions on behalf of Israel, and partly to confirm their faith in the prospect of the difficult enterprise on which they were entering, the invasion of Canaan.
3
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3. 蘭塞——通常被考定為英雄城，即今日的阿布凱謝德（參
Ex 12:37）， 大概就是歌珊的首府，也是摩西所指定的起行前全會眾集合之地。
英文原文
3. Rameses--generally identified with Heroopoils, now the modern Abu-Keisheid (see on
Ex 12:37),
which was probably the capital of Goshen, and, by direction of Moses, the place of general rendezvous previous to their departure.
4
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4. 也敗壞了他們的神——這是按聖經的說法，或指他們的統治者（王和眾首領的長子），或指埃及人敬拜的偶像之物。
英文原文
4. upon their gods--used either according to Scripture phraseology to denote their rulers (the first-born of the king and his princes) or the idolatrous objects of Egyptian worship.
5
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5. 在疏割安營——意即「棚」，是個無足輕重之地，僅作暫時歇腳之處，位於朝聖者池（Birket-el-Hadji）〔CALMET〕。
英文原文
5. pitched in Succoth--that is, "booths"--a place of no note except as a temporary halting place, at Birketel-Hadji, the Pilgrim's Pool [CALMET].
6
無標題
6. 以倘——意即邊緣或邊界，指阿拉伯彼得拉（Arabia Petræa）那部分毗鄰埃及、並統稱為書珥的地帶。
英文原文
6. Etham--edge, or border of all that part of Arabia-Petræa which lay contiguous to Egypt and was known by the general name of Shur.
7
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7. 比哈希錄、巴力洗分……密奪——（參
Ex 14:2）。
英文原文
7. Pi-hahiroth, Baal-zephon . . . Migdol--(See on
Ex 14:2).
8
無標題
8. 瑪拉——推測即今日的艾因哈瓦拉，這可從其位置，以及他們帶着孩子和羊群從摩西泉到那地所需的時日（三天）來看。
英文原文
8. Marah--thought to be Ain Howarah, both from its position and the time (three days) it would take them with their children and flocks to march from the water of Ayun Musa to that spot.
9
無標題
9. 以琳——推測即古倫德爾旱谷（參
Ex 15:27）。
英文原文
9. Elim--supposed to be Wady Ghurundel (see on
Ex 15:27).
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10. 在紅海邊安營——從古倫德爾旱谷出發的路通向內陸，因一道連綿的高嶺遮蔽了海景。行約三日至泰拜旱谷口，路又開闊，通往紅海邊的一片平原。聖經敘事與該地區地理特徵如此精確吻合——記以色列人走的是唯一可行的路——其細節之準確令人驚歎。他們紮營的這片平原，就是汛的曠野（參
Ex 16:1）。
英文原文
10. encamped by the Red Sea--The road from Wady Ghurundel leads into the interior, in consequence of a high continuous ridge which excludes all view of the sea. At the mouth of Wady-et-Tayibeh, after about three days' march, it opens again on a plain along the margin of the Red Sea. The minute accuracy of the Scripture narrative, in corresponding so exactly with the geographical features of this region, is remarkably shown in describing the Israelites as proceeding by the only practicable route that could be taken. This plain, where they encamped, was the Desert of Sin (see on
Ex 16:1).
12
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12-14. 脱普加……亞錄……利非訂——這三站位於以謝和費蘭兩大谷中，相當於這麼龐大的隊伍四天的路程。利非訂
(Ex 17:6)
屬何烈，意即焦灼之地——這是對炎熱山區的泛稱。〔參
Ex 17:1。〕
英文原文
12-14. Dophkah . . . Alush . . . Rephidim--These three stations, in the great valleys of El Sheikh and Feiran, would be equivalent to four days' journey for such a host. Rephidim
(Ex 17:6)
was in Horeb, the burnt region--a generic name for a hot, mountainous country. [See on
Ex 17:1.]
15
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15. 西奈的曠野——即拉哈旱谷。
英文原文
15. wilderness of Sinai--the Wady Er-Raheh.
16
Nu 33:16-56.
Nu 33:16-56.
從西奈到加低斯及摩押平原。
16-37. 基博羅哈他瓦（「貪慾之人的墳墓」，見
Nu 11:34）
——離開西奈營地後，路線沿謝赫旱谷而下；越過橫亘半島的提赫山，下到扎拉卡旱谷，先後在兩個短暫卻值得記念的站口紮營
(De 9:22)； 然後到了哈洗錄（意即「無牆之村」），推測即艾因哈德拉（參
Nu 11:35）。 加低斯，或加低斯巴尼亞，推測是哥爾大谷，而加低斯城位於這谷的邊緣〔BURCKHARDT; ROBINSON〕。 但由於哈洗錄與加低斯之間至少列了十八站，而走完那段路程只用了十一天
(De 1:2)， 可見此處所記的中間各站屬於另一次全然不同的加低斯之行。第一次是他們在二月離開西奈
(Nu 1:11; 13:20)， 八月到了加低斯
(De 1:45)， 並「在那裏住了許多日子」。隨後因探子的報告而發怨言，便奉命「由紅海那條路」退回曠野。本目錄所記到達加低斯，相當於第二次駐留該地，時在正月，即四月
(Nu 20:1)。 兩次之間相隔三十八年，其間他們在提赫（意即「漂泊」）全境東奔西走，因羊群牧養的需要，常常重回舊地；我們有充分的理由相信，哈洗錄
(Nu 33:8)
與加低斯
(Nu 33:36)
之間所列各站，正屬於這漫長的漂泊時期。這些站口許多的確切位置至今尚無定論。實際所經的站必不止所記的這些；因為大概只有那些久住之處——帳幕所紮、摩西和長老們所營之地——才被記下，百姓則散在各方放牧。例如從以拉他以東、位於亞喀巴灣盡頭的以旬迦別，到加低斯，無論加低斯的確切位置如何，其間路程不會少於哥爾大谷的全長，即不少於一百哩；其間當然必有數站，只是未載。其餘往摩押平原行程的事件和各段，已見前數章，相當清楚。
英文原文
Nu 33:16-56.
FROM SINAI TO KADESH AND PLAINS OF MOAB.
16-37. Kibroth-Hattaavah ("the graves of lust," see on
Nu 11:34)
--The route, on breaking up the encampment at Sinai, led down Wady Sheikh; then crossing Jebel-et-Tih, which intersected the peninsula, they descended into Wady Zalaka, pitching successively at two brief, though memorable, stations
(De 9:22);
then they encamped at Hazeroth ("unwalled villages"), supposed to be at Ain-Hadera (see on
Nu 11:35).
Kadesh, or Kadesh-barnea, is supposed to be the great valley of the Ghor, and the city Kadesh to have been situated on the border of this valley [BURCKHARDT; ROBINSON]. But as there are no less than eighteen stations inserted between Hazeroth and Kadesh, and only eleven days were spent in performing that journey
(De 1:2),
it is evident that the intermediate stations here recorded belong to another and totally different visit to Kadesh. The first was when they left Sinai in the second month
(Nu 1:11; 13:20),
and were in Kadesh in August
(De 1:45),
and "abode many days" in it. Then, murmuring at the report of the spies, they were commanded to return into the desert "by the way of the Red Sea." The arrival at Kadesh, mentioned in this catalogue, corresponds to the second sojourn at that place, being the first month, or April
(Nu 20:1).
Between the two visits there intervened a period of thirty-eight years, during which they wandered hither and thither through all the region of El-Tih ("wanderings"), often returning to the same spots as the pastoral necessities of their flocks required; and there is the strongest reason for believing that the stations named between Hazeroth
(Nu 33:8)
and Kadesh
(Nu 33:36)
belong to the long interval of wandering. No certainty has yet been attained in ascertaining the locale of many of these stations. There must have been more than are recorded; for it is probable that those only are noted where they remained some time, where the tabernacle was pitched, and where Moses and the elders encamped, the people being scattered for pasture in various directions. From Ezion-geber, for instance, which stood at the head of the gulf of Akaba, to Kadesh, could not be much less than the whole length of the great valley of the Ghor, a distance of not less than a hundred miles, whatever might be the exact situation of Kadesh; and, of course, there must have been several intervening stations, though none are mentioned. The incidents and stages of the rest of the journey to the plains of Moab are sufficiently explicit from the preceding chapters.
18
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18. 利提瑪（「金雀花之地」）——一站，大概位於某條向西延伸至哥爾的旱谷。
英文原文
18. Rithmah ("the place of the broom")--a station possibly in some wady extending westward of the Ghor.
19
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19. 利門帕列——或作利門，是猶大和西緬的一座城
(Jos 15:32)； 立拿——因白楊樹而得名
(Jos 10:29)， 或如某些人所想，是加低斯與迦薩之間的一座白山
(Jos 10:29)； 利撒（即阿里什）；沙斐山（即迦修斯山）；摩西錄，毗鄰何珥山，在摩西旱谷；以旬迦別，近亞喀巴，是亞喀巴灣西岸的一個海港；尋的曠野，在西奈半島東側；普嫩，在何珥山岩壁峽谷中，以附近的礦場和採石場以及果樹聞名，即今日的塔菲萊，位於以東邊境；亞巴琳，亞嫩河西北一列崎嶇山脊——其中稱為尼波的是最高峰之一——與耶利哥相對。（參
De 10:6）。
英文原文
19. Rimmon-parez, or Rimmon--a city of Judah and Simeon
(Jos 15:32);
Libnah, so called from its white poplars
(Jos 10:29),
or, as some think, a white hill between Kadesh and Gaza
(Jos 10:29);
Rissah (El-arish); mount Shapher (Cassius); Moseroth, adjacent to mount Hor, in Wady Mousa. Ezion-geber, near Akaba, a seaport on the western shore of the Elanitic gulf; Wilderness of Zin, on the east side of the peninsula of Sinai; Punon, in the rocky ravines of mount Hor and famous for the mines and quarries in its vicinity as well as for its fruit trees, now Tafyle, on the border of Edom; Abarim, a ridge of rugged hills northwest of the Arnon--the part called Nebo was one of its highest peaks--opposite Jericho. (See on
De 10:6).
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50-53. 你們要從你們面前趕出那地所有的居民——然而不是驅逐，而是滅絕
（De 7:1）。
毀壞他們一切的鏨刻石像——為偶像敬拜而立的柱像（參見
Le 26:1）。
毀壞他們一切的鑄像，拆毀他們一切的邱壇——轉喻一切他們的樹叢與祭壇，以及山頂上敬拜的各種器具。
英文原文
50-53. ye shall drive out all the inhabitants of the land from before you--not, however, by expulsion, but extermination
(De 7:1).
and destroy all their pictures--obelisks for idolatrous worship (see on
Le 26:1).
and destroy all their molten images, and quite pluck down all their high places--by metonymy for all their groves and altars, and materials of worship on the tops of hills.
54
無標題
54. 你們要按鬮分那地——各支派的具體位置要用這方式決定，同時用繩尺量度比例
（Jos 18:10； Ps 16:5, 6）。
英文原文
54. ye shall divide the land by lot--The particular locality of each tribe was to be determined in this manner while a line was to be used in measuring the proportion
(Jos 18:10; Ps 16:5, 6).
55
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55. 你們若不趕出那地的居民——不可與那地的居民結交；否則，「你們容留他們，他們就必作你們眼中的刺，肋下的荊棘」——意即他們將成為麻煩而危險的鄰舍，引誘人拜偶像，結果使你們失去神的恩寵與祝福。忽略這禁止與拜偶像居民聯合的忠告，對他們成了致命的損失。這對處於特殊境況中的以色列人所發的懇切警告，也傳達給我們一個有益的教訓——不容任何潛伏的罪的習慣留在我們裏面。那屬靈的仇敵必須從我們的本性中根除；否則它將毀壞我們今生的平安與將來的拯救。
英文原文
55. But if ye will not drive out the inhabitants of the land from before you--No associations were to be formed with the inhabitants; otherwise, "if ye let remain, they will be pricks in your eyes, and thorns in your sides"--that is, they would prove troublesome and dangerous neighbors, enticing to idolatry, and consequently depriving you of the divine favor and blessing. The neglect of the counsel against union with the idolatrous inhabitants became fatal to them. This earnest admonition given to the Israelites in their peculiar circumstances conveys a salutary lesson to us to allow no lurking habits of sin to remain in us. That spiritual enemy must be eradicated from our nature; otherwise it will be ruinous to our present peace and future salvation.
Nu 33:1-15.
以色列人四十二站行程——從埃及到西奈
1. 以色列人按着軍隊所行的路程——這一章可以說是對以色列人穿越曠野行程之歷史的總結；因為隨後的三章所論的，都與應許之地的佔據和分地有關。把這裏所記從西奈起行的行程記錄，與《出埃及記》中對各事件的詳細記述，以及《申命記》中偶爾提及的地名兩相對照時，會發現若干顯眼的差異；因此這份行程表很可能只列了他們行程中最要緊的各站——就是他們長期紮營的地點，並從那裏把牛羊散放到鄰近的平原上吃草，直到周圍的草料耗盡。這份目錄從他們出埃及起，一直延伸到他們抵達摩押平原。
按着軍隊往前行的——就是說，是一支龐大的人群，分編成不同的隊伍，卻以井然有序的陣式行進。